1. Cells
Anatomy & Physiology

2. Cells vary in SIZE and STRUCTURE
Depends on what they do

3. Cell Membrane is selectively permeable
All Animal Cells have
Nucleus
Cytoplasm (cytosol)
Cell Membrane
Cell Membrane is selectively permeable

4. Lipid bilayer (phospholipids) make up the membrane with proteins embedded to help regulate what comes across the membrane

5. ORGANELLES-  "little organs" within the cell that perform specific functions
The nucleus is to the cell what the __________is to a person.
The cell membrane is to a cell what the ________ is to a person.
Image:  

6. Transport system; canals and channels that connect membrane to nucleus and to organelles within the cell
Smooth ER (lipid synthesis)
Rough ER (contains ribosomes for protein manufacture)

8. Flattened membranes; function to package and deliver proteins produced by the ribosomes
Proteins are exported in vesicles

9. The “powerhouse” of the cell
Chemical energy from food is converted to a useable form (ATP) • process is called Cellular Respiration
The “powerhouse” of the cell
CRISTAE

10. Lysosomes - contain digestive enzymes to break down substances
Centrosome – forms a spindle during cell division
Vesicles – packaged substances, exported
Microfilaments and Microtubules - cell skeleton (cytoskeleton), maintains shape and functions in movement
Cilia & Flagella

11. Directs cell activities (the “brain” of the cell)
Contains genetic information (DNA) in the form of chromatin
Also contains a nucleolus – makes ribosomes
Has tiny pores where RNA can exit the nucleus

15. Diffusion - molecules tend to spread out Facilitated Diffusion
Diffusion Animation

16. Hypertonic
Hypotonic
Isotonic
SALT SUCKS

17. Osmosis Animation

19. Filtration Active Transport Exocytosis
Endocytosis (phagocytosis & pinocytosis)

20. Mitosis = nuclear division
Mitosis is followed by cytokinesis (cell division)
The steps of mitosis ensure that each new cell has the exact same number of chromosomes as the original
Interphase = growth phase, differentiation occurs

21. Interphase • Prophase • Metaphase • Anaphase • Telophase
IPMAT

22. 1. chromosomes visible (chromatids)
2. centrioles migrate to the poles
3. nuclear membrane disappears
4. nucleolus disappears
5. spindle forms

23. 1. chromosomes line up on the equator, spindle attaches

24. 1. chromatids separate and move to opposite poles

25. 1. chromosomes disappear • chromatin
2. nuclear membrane reforms
3. nucleoli reappears
4. spindle disappears
5. centrioles duplicate

26. - division of the cytoplasm to form 2 new daughter cells
- organelles are divided
- daughter cells are genetically identical
Cells return to interphase