Charles I needs $$$$  calls “Short Parliament”  Parliament NO!!  Charles dismissed Parliament  Scotland won 1633 – William Laud appointed Archbishop of Canterbury  Charles I trying to increase control of Presbyterian Church in Scotland  National Covenant – Scottish show of support for Presbyterian  1639Scotland rebelled DAY 3 NOTES

Charles’ power on verge of collapse Charles recalls Parliament – Charles knows he will have to make concessions – “Long Parliament” (lasted 20 years) – Puritans begin “cleaning house”  Triennial Act  Parliament must be called every 3 years  treason charges against Charles’ advisor, Thomas Wentworth  executed in 1641  impeached William Laud  abolish Court of Star Chamber  abolish “illegal” taxes

GRAND REMONSTRANCE November 1641 list of abuses during rule of Charles I Dec 1641 only way to re-solve England’s problems was to go to WAR!!!

Charles I “invades Parliament” to arrest the 5 main puritan leaders  “I see all the birds are flown” Symbolic beginning of English Civil War CAVALIERSROUNDHEADS “Royalists” Support Charles I Opposed to Puritans Military experience Support Parliament $$$$$$$ Oliver Cromwell New Model Army

June 1642 Parliament sent to Charles I  King Charles must accept Parliament's authority to raise armies  Parliament was to supervise all foreign policy  King Charles was to publicly pardon the Five Puritan Members of Parliament  new laws against Roman Catholics  All the King's ministers were to be approved and answerable to Parliament

 Cavaliers enjoyed early victories  New Model Army (Roundheads) turns the tide  May 1646: Charles surrenders  Roundheads divided on what to do with Charles MOST Roundheads favored returning Charles to the throne with limited powers SOME Roundheads (Independents) wanted to get rid of Charles  Oliver Cromwell Charles took advantage of the disagreement among the Roundheads and started to fight again  Charles was defeated and surrendered

December 1648  Supporters of king were kicked out “Rump Parliament” remained and voted to: 1)abolish the monarchy 2)put Charles on trial for treason

 Republic  Puritan control of society  Cromwell’s power continued to increase  Dissolved Parliament (1653)  “Military Dictatorship”  Divided England into 11 military districts  “Lord Protector”  He became what he was fighting against COMMONWEALTH

PURITAN’S CONTROLLED SOCIETY oEstablish “GODLINESS” o“Sunday Supremacy”  no cussing, drinking, smoking, cutting hair, etc... oClosed theaters oNo “Hully Gully” dancing oEncouraged education oBanned Christmas  modeled after Roman pagan holiday dedicated to eating, drinking, acting stupid  Sabbath only “holy day” in Bible oEstablish “GODLINESS” o“Sunday Supremacy”  no cussing, drinking, smoking, cutting hair, etc... oClosed theaters oNo “Hully Gully” dancing oEncouraged education oBanned Christmas  modeled after Roman pagan holiday dedicated to eating, drinking, acting stupid  Sabbath only “holy day” in Bible

Cromwell died in 1658  Richard, son, took over  England tired of Puritan dictatorship  re-established Parliament 1660 Parliament made Charles II king  ”Merry Monarch” ”Restoration”  monarchy, parliament, fun  respect Parliament and Petition of Right