Common STDs Sexually Transmitted Diseases or STIs Sexually Transmitted Infections 20.3
OBJECTIVES Describe how STDs can be spread List ways STDs damage a person’s health Identify the symptoms & treatments of common bacterial, viral, & parasitic STDs Describe the symptoms & treatments of common STDs caused by viruses & parasites State the responsibilities of people who think they may be infected
How Are STDs Spread? Sexual activity that: Brings an uninfected person in contact w/body fluids from an infected person Contact between one person’s genitals & another person’s skin or mucous membranes – 1 person is infected Direct contact w/open sores A mother to her baby before birth, during birth, or breast-feeding
MISTAKEN IDEAS Most viruses that cause STDs cannot be spread through kissing, sharing eating utensils, holding hands, or using public toilets. Not all STDs can be treated & cured Herpes is for life! (The gift that keeps on giving)
BELIEFS vs. REALITY “It is best to see if an STD goes away on its own before seeing a doctor.” Most STDs do not go away. Symptoms going away does not mean your are cured. “Washing the genitals after sex prevents STDs.” “Birth-control pills prevent STDs.”
BELIEFS vs. REALITY “The medicine prescribed for one kind of STD will cure any STD. Each STD is unique & requires its own medicine “If one sex partner is treated for an STD, the other partner does not need to be treated.” Both need to be treated so they don’t reinfect each other
How STDs Can Damage Your Health Some STDs: cause painful sores that can recur throughout your lifetime. lead to brain damage or cancer cause infertility are fatal
Babies & STDs Some STDs can: cause a miscarriage cause blindness in a newborn as they travel down the birth canal most newborns are automatically given eye drops at the hospital to help prevent blindness
WHAT ARE THE DIFFERENT TYPES OF STD’s? Bacterial – curable Viral – non-curable Parasites - curable
4 Most Common STDs Caused By Bacteria Chlamydia Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID) Gonorrhea Syphilis Cured w/antibiotics Will not cause permanent damage if treated early
CHLAMYDIA – Bacterial Symptoms - Often None Females Pain urinating Vaginal discharge or bleeding Pelvic Pain Males Pain urinating Discharge from the penis If Left Untreated Highest rate of infection in 15 – 19 year olds. More new cases in U.S. than any other STD
CHLAMYDIA
CHLAMYDIA
CHLAMYDIA
CHLAMYDIA
CHLAMYDIA Left Untreated Females Infertility Tubal pregnancies PID – Pelvic Inflammatory Disease Males Injury to reproductive organs Swollen & tender testicles Infants of Infected Mothers Illness Blindness
PELVIC INFLAMMATORY DISEASE (PID) Females only - symptoms Bacterial Caused by the migration of a bacterial infection from the vagina Pelvic pain Vaginal discharge Long & painful periods Spotting between periods Fever Painful urination Nausea
PID – If Left Untreated Infertility Tubal pregnancies Chronic pelvic pain May require surgery to correct
GONORRHEA – Bacterial Symptoms – Often None Infects mucous membranes, including the genital mucous membranes Discharge Painful urination Left untreated – PID in females – scarring of urethra in men (painful urination)
GONORRHEA
GONORRHEA
GONORRHEA
SYPHILIS - Bacterial Transmitted by touching & sexual contact Symptoms/signs: Causes ulcers or chancres STAGES: 1. chancre 2. rash 3. none= death Cured with antibiotics in stages 1 & 2 If untreated, it can lead to mental & physical disabilities & premature death
SYPHILIS SYPHILIS
SYPHILIS
SYPHILIS
SYPHILIS
Syphilis
SYPHILIS
SYPHILIS
SYPHILIS
SYPHILIS
SYPHILIS
SYPHILIS
SYPHILIS
SYPHILIS
SYPHILIS
SYPHILIS
4 Common STDs Caused By Viruses Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) Genital Herpes Hepatitis Human immuno-deficiency virus (HIV) Symptoms can be treated There is NO CURE for viral STDs
Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) (Genital Warts) Transmitted by touching and sexual contact Symptoms/signs: warts or bumps It can cause cervical cancer in females No cure - can be removed with laser treatment
STAGE 1 – HPV - GENITAL WARTS
HPV – GENITAL WARTS
HPV – GENITAL WARTS
HPV – GENITAL WARTS
HPV GENITAL WARTS
HPV – GENITAL WARTS
HPV – GENITAL WARTS
HPV – GENITAL WARTS
HPV – GENITAL WARTS
HPV – GENITAL WARTS
HPV – GENITAL WARTS
HPV GENITAL WARTS
HPV – ANUS WARTS
HPV – ANUS WARTS
HPV – ANAL WARTS
HPV – ANAL WARTS
HPV - ORAL WARTS
HPV - ORAL WARTS
GENITAL HERPES (TYPE II) Virus Transmitted sexually and kissing Symptoms/signs: blisters (not always) No cure! Medicine to reduce outbreaks
Oral Herpes Simplex
Oral Herpes
Oral Herpes
Genital Herpes
Genital Herpes
Genital Herpes
HEPATITIS B - Virus Attacks liver Transmitted through Urine Saliva Blood Semen Vaginal secretions Symptoms/signs: Dark urine Yellow skin Yellow eyes “jaundice” No cure!
3 Common STDs Caused By Parasites Pubic lice Scabies Trichomoniasis Can be cured with medication If treated early, they will not cause permanent damage to your health
PUBIC LICE “CRABS” - Parasite Transmitted by casual & sexual contact, sharing towels, sharing clothes, sleeping in bed w/crabs Symptoms/signs: Bite marks/scabs Constant itching Cured w/special soaps & bleaching entire house
PUBIC LICE “Crabs”
PUBIC LICE “Crabs”
PUBIC LICE
PUBIC LICE
PUBIC LICE – INFECTING THE EYE
SCABIES - Parasitic Mites Transmitted by sexual & casual contact Symptoms/signs: itching Cured by using medicated shampoos & lotions
SCABIES
SCABIES - Abdomen
SCABIES - Baby
SCABIES - Baby
SCABIES - Baby
SCABIES
SCABIES
SCABIES
SCABIES
Trichomoniasis - Parasitic Usually passed sexually, Can be picked up from contact w/damp or moist objects such as towels, wet clothing, or a toilet seat, if the genital area gets in contact w/these damp or moist objects.
TRICHOMONIASIS - Symptoms Usually none If women do have symptoms, they usually appear 5 to 28 days after exposure & can include: yellow, green, or gray vaginal discharge (often foamy) with a strong odor discomfort during sex and when urinating irritation and itching in the genital area lower abdominal pain in rare cases
Being Responsible About STDs Seek medical help right away Complete the full course of medications Have follow-up testing done Avoid all sexual activity while being treated Notify all sexual partners