First Declension Nouns 6 September 2006. Case A characteristic of Latin nouns is case. Case indicates the role of the noun in a sentence. There are five.

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First Declension Nouns 6 September 2006

Case A characteristic of Latin nouns is case. Case indicates the role of the noun in a sentence. There are five major cases: –Nominative –Genitive –Dative –Accusative –Ablative

Nominative Case Used for subjects Used for predicate nominatives

Genitive Case for possession (the possessor— rather than what is possessed— is in the genitive case For other grammatical constructs that can be translated with “of,” e.g., “one of you,” “love of God”

Dative Case Used chiefly for indirect objects –I sent my friend a letter. –You showed me the book. –She gave the customer a receipt. –He told the students about the author.

Accusative Case Used for direct objects Used for the objects of certain prepositions

Ablative Case Used for the objects of certain prepositions

1 st Declension Nouns sg.plural N. –a –ae G. –ae –ārum D. –ae –īs Acc. –am –ās Abl. –ā –īs

You must memorize the first- declension case endings

aqua, aquae, f. fēmina, fēminae, f. lūna, lūnae, f. paenīnsula, paenīnsulae, f. pīrāta, pīrātae, m. stella, stellae, f. vita, vitae, f.

Practice with the Cases 1.Dō fēminīs aquam vitae. 2.Dō nōn pīrātīs aquam vitae. 3.Fēmina videt stellās et lūnam. 4.Fēminae paenīnsulae terrent pīrātās. 5.Piratae terrent fēminās paenīnsulae. 6.Stellae et lūna vident fēminam. 7.Vidēmus pīrātās in aquā.

1.Dō fēminīs aquam vitae. Dō 1 st sg. pres. dō, dareI give fēminīsdat. pl. fēmina, -aeto/for women aquamacc. sg. aqua, aquaewater vitae gen. sg. vita, vitaeof life I give the water of life to the women.

2.Dō nōn pīrātīs aquam vitae. Dō 1 st sg. pres. dō, dareI give nōnadv.not pīrātīsdat. pl. pīrāta, -aeto pirates aquamacc. sg. aqua, aquaewater vitaegen. sg. vita, vitaeof life I do not give the water of life to the pirates.

3. Fēmina videt stellās et lūnam. Fēminanom. sg.woman videt3d sg. videō, vidēresees stellāsacc. pl. stella, stella, f.stars etconj.and lūnamacc. sg. lūna, lūnae, f.moon The woman sees the stars and moon.

4.Fēminae paenīnsulae terrent pīrātās. Fēminaegen. sg.of the woman dat. sg.to the woman nom. plthe women paenīnsulaegen. sg.of the peninsula dat. sg.to the peninsula nom. pl.the peninsulas terrent3d pl. terreō, -ēre(they) scare pīrātāsacc. pl.the pirates

ēminae paenīnsulae terrent pīrātās. Fēminaenom. plthe women paenīnsulaegen. sg. of the peninsula terrent3d pl. terreō, -ēre(they) scare pīrātāsacc. pl.the pirates

The women of the peninsula frighten the pirates. The women of the peninsula frighten pirates. The women of the peninsula do frighten pirates. The women of the peninsula are frightening pirates.

5.Pīrātae terrent fēminās paenīnsulae. nom. pl.The pirates 3d pl.frighten acc. pl.the women gen. sg.of the peninsula