1. Nominative and Accusative Case Review
Sept. 4, 2012

2. Case uses!

3. Subjects and Predicates
In Latin, the subject is always in the NOMINATIVE case. (-a or –ae on the 1st declension chart)
Puellae aquam portant. The girls carry water.
Italia est paeninsula. Italy is a peninsula.

4. Subjects and Predicates
The nominative case is also used for something called a PREDICATE NOMINATIVE.
PREDICATE NOMINATIVE is a fancy term for a noun that follows a linking verb.
A linking verb works like an “=“ sign:
is, are, seem…

5. Nouns and Adjectives
Remember that nouns and adjectives must agree in GENDER, NUMBER, and CASE.
Adjectives can be declined with 2nd declension endings to modify masculine nouns.
parva puella: the little girl
parvus equus: the little horse
servus bonus: the good slave
servi boni: the good slaves
agricola bonus: the good farmer

6. Adjective practice Complete each sentence with the correct endings.
Bon____ est equus.
Carri magn____ sunt.
Ubi sunt viae long____?
Servus equum mal____ non amat.
Terra erat dur____. us i ae um a

7. Finding Direct Objects
A direct object follows an ACTION verb (not a linking verb like “is” and “are”).
The direct object is the noun that receives the action of the verb.
The girl pets the cat.
(Ask: what does the girl pet?)
Direct object: CAT
The boy feeds the dog.
(Ask: what does the boy feed?)
Direct object: DOG

8. What we can learn about the Accusative!
The accusative case ending is used for direct objects.
Direct objects usually come at the end of an English sentence…but in Latin, they’re usually in the middle.
Puellae equum amant. The girls like the horse.
Servus aquam portat. The slave carries the water.

9. Finding Direct Objects
The choir sang a song.
Subject----choir
Direct object----song
The paramedic drove the ambulance.
Subject---paramedic
Direct object---ambulance
The girls like the forest.
Subject----girls
Direct object----forest

10. Accusative Direct Objects
The girls like the forest.
What is the subject? Girls
Girls=Subject
Subject=Nominative
Girls=Nominative
What is the direct object? Forest
Forest=direct object
Direct Object=accusative
Forest=accusative
Puellae silvam amant.
Case Singular Plural
Nominative a ae
Genitive ae arum
Dative ae is
Accusative am as
Ablative a is

11. Practicing Accusative Direct Objects
Case Singular Plural
Nominative a ae
Genitive ae arum
Dative ae is
Accusative am as
Ablative a is
The girls like water.
Puellae aqu__ amant.
The families carry water.
Familiae aqu__ portant.
The girls like the roads.
Puellae vi__ amant.
The families carry the girls.
Familiae puell__ portant. am am as as