Use this powerpoint to help answer the questions Plants 2013 Use this powerpoint to help answer the questions

Organelles Tiny organs that work inside the cell Let’s review some important parts of the plant cell

The Cell Cell Wall Cell Membrane

The Cell Cell Wall: Provides Protection and support Made of cellulose

The Cell Vacuoles: Larger in plants Osmosis – the movement of water from a high concentration to a low concentration If a plant does not receive enough water it will wilt.

The Cell “Green jelly beans” Contains CHLOROPHYLL Makes food for cell Chloroplast: “Green jelly beans” Contains CHLOROPHYLL Makes food for cell (Photosynthesis – captures ENERGY IN SUNLIGHT (equation)

Classification of Plants Nonvascular vs. Vascular Plants Do not contain tubes to carry water up and down plant Algae Chlorophyta Phaeophyta Rhodophyta Bryophyta Mosses Liverworts Vascular: Do have tubes to carry water, usually taller Ferns Gymnosperms Angiosperms

ALGAE Simple plants with no … There are three types … Roots Stems Chlorophyta ALGAE Simple plants with no … Roots Stems Leaves There are three types … Phaeophyta Rhodophyta

Chlorophyta Algae that is the color GREEN

Nereocystis luetkeana Phaeophyta Algae that is the color BROWN Nereocystis luetkeana Analipus japonicus Phaeostrophion irregulare

Rhodophyta Algae that is the color RED Antithamnion plumula Delesseria sanguinea Porphyra perforata

Bryophyta Plant division made up of nonvascular plants that live in moist places. Examples include a) Moss- simple rootless plant with leaves arranged in a spiral around a leafy stem.

USES OF MOSS BEDDING PEAT MOSS – gardeners SPHAGNUM MOSS – grows in a BOG (acidic wetland) wetlands – areas of land that are saturated with water for a period of time

Bryophyta b) Liverworts – simple rootless plants with or without stems & leaves.

Vascular Plants Also called the Tracheophyta Includes three main groups Ferns Angiosperms Gymnosperms

FERNS Have large leaves that are divided into smaller parts that also look like miniature leaves (called fronds) FRONDS

FERNS Reproduce through spores (which are located underneath the leaves). Spore case

Gymnosperms Have “male” and “female” cones that produce pollen and ovules If pollination occurs, seeds are produced in the female cone that are not protected by a fruit (outside covering). FEMALE MALE

Gymnosperms Examples: Pine tree hemlock Fir tree ginkoe Giant Redwoods -     the tallest trees hemlock Fir tree ginkoe

Angiosperms Flowering plants

2) Produce seeds inside a fruit. Angiosperms 2) Produce seeds inside a fruit.

Angiosperms 3) The two main types of angiosperms are based on the number of cotyledons (the part of the seed that stores FOOD.

Monocots Dicots 1) Have flower parts in threes 1) Have flower parts in fours or fives

Monocots Dicots 2) Narrow leaves with parallel veins 2) Broad leaves with branched veins

Monocots Dicots 3) Vascular tissue (vessels) scattered throughout the stem. 3) Vascular tissue in a ring.

Monocots Dicots 4) Seeds have one seed leaf 4) Seeds have two seed leaves

Monocot Examples Corn Wheat Daffodils Grasses Lilies Palms

Dicot Examples Beans Roses Oaks Dandelions Tomatoes Maples

Monocots

Dicots

4- Parts of a Flower Stamens Stamens 1- Male reproductive organs

Stamens 2) Have two parts Filament- stalk Anther- where pollen is made

Pollen grain forming on anther Pollen released into the air

Stamen Flower Parts

Flower Parts Anthers

Flower Parts Filament

4- Parts of a Flower b) Pistils 1- Female reproductive organs Pistil

2) Pistils have three parts Ovary – produces ovules (female gametes) Style – short stalk Stigma – sticky extension of stalk that catches pollen.

Pistil parts

Pistil ovary Ovules growing in the ovary

Pistil Stigmas Pollen sticking to the pistil’s stigma.

Pistil Flower Parts

Flower Parts Stigma Style Ovary

Sepals & Petals C) Sepals- Leaflike parts that protect the flower. d) Petals – Attract pollinators.

Flower Parts Petal Sepal

How does pollen get from the stamen to the pistil? Insect Pollinators Wind

Humans can also selectively pollinate flowers: Taking pollen from one plant with a certain trait and placing it on a plant with a different trait. For example, taking pollen from a short plant and placing it on a plant that is tall. Cross pollination

Seed & Fruit Production a) After pollen lands on stigma a tube grows down the style to an ovule.

Seed & Fruit Production b) The fertilized zygote develops into a seed.

Seed & Fruit Production c) The ovary that surrounds the ovules develops into a fruit.

Seed & Fruit Production c) The ovary that surrounds the ovules develops into a fruit (if the fruit dries out it becomes a shell). Produces nuts, grains Acorns, etc.

Tomato flower develops into fruit.

.

Pistil Flower Parts Stamen Stigma Style Petal Anther Filament Ovary Sepal

EUTROPHICATION

EUTROPHICATION