The End of Reconstruction & The Start of Jim Crow Laws Unit 3 USII 3b & 4c

Videos Who was Jim Crow http://www.teachersdomain.org/asset/bf10_vid_whowasjim/ Plessy v Fergusson http://app.discoveryeducation.com/search

The End of Reconstruction Ended in 1877 because of a compromise over the outcome of the 1876 election. People were tired of Grant-era corruption so political parties nominated candidates with a record of reform Democrats- Tilden Republicans-Hayes Tilden won popular vote but was one vote short of the needed electoral votes

The End of Reconstruction 4 states were undecided Oregon chose Hayes but Louisiana, South Carolina & Florida each sent two electoral votes to Washington one for each candidate. This made the Federal government decide the election. Electoral Commission established 7 Republicans from Congress , 7 Democrats from the Senate & 1 Republican Supreme Court Justice

The End of Reconstruction Republicans WIN! Hayes is President Democrats were mad! Compromise reached to make Democrats happier Hayes will serve only 1 terms (four years) Democrats have say in cabinet appointments RECONSTRUCTION ENDS IN THE SOUTH Federal Troops removed from the South What does this mean for former Slaves?

Jim Crow Laws Lasted from 1877 to 1960’s in the South and border states Whites believed God supported racial segregation, Whites were the chosen people, & Blacks were supposed to be slaves

Jim Crow Laws Racial Segregation Based on race (color of skin) Directed primarily against African Americans but others were also segregated American Indians were not considered citizens until 1924

Jim Crow Laws Laws passed to discriminate against African Americans Made discrimination legal in many communities and states African Americans faced unequal opportunities in housing, work, education and government.

Jim Crow Laws Black men could not shake hands with White men. Blacks & Whites were not allowed to eat together Black men could not light a cigarette for a White woman Blacks could not show affection to one another in public African-Americans separated from white people in public places: restaurants, schools, parks, store entrances, water fountains, bus stops, etc. Black and White marriages were illegal

Jim Crow Laws Blacks were introduced to Whites but never Whites introduced to Blacks Blacks were called by their first name but Whites had to be addressed as Mr., Mrs., Ms., Sir, or Ma’am. If a black person rode in a car with a White person they had to ride in the back seat or in the back of the truck White motorists had the right of way at all intersections

Jim Crow Laws African Americans allowed to vote IF: They paid a high poll tax Could pass a literacy test Lynching was used to discouraged blacks from voting Beatings and Cross burnings were also used to terrorize African Americans

African American Responses to Jim Crow Laws Booker T. Washington Believed equality could be achieved through vocational education (crafts & industrial skills) He accepted social segregation Born a slave At 9 worked in salt furnace and coal mine Attended Hampton Normal & Agricultural Institute in VA (black institution of higher learning) Founded Tuskegee Institute Encouraged blacks to give up the fight for equal rights and become educated.

African American Responses to Jim Crow Laws W.E.B. DuBois Believed in full political, civil and social rights for African Americans Born a free man Attended Fisk University (black institution of higher learning) Formed the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) Believed agitation and protests to get their rights

Compare and Contrast Black Schools White Schools

Student Activity Complete a Venn Diagram on the following two men. W.E.B. DuBois Believed in full political, civil and social rights for African Americans Born a free man Attended Fisk University (black institution of higher learning) Formed the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) Believed agitation and protests to get their rights Taught School Attended school as a child Booker T. Washington Believed equality could be achieved through vocational education (crafts & industrial skills) He accepted social segregation Born a slave At 9 worked in salt furnace and coal mine Attended Hampton Normal & Agricultural Institute in VA (black institution of higher learning) Taught school Founded Tuskegee Institute Encouraged blacks to give up the fight for equal rights and become educated.