1. Reconstruction & Old Jim Crow
Civil rights Exam – Wednesday march 6th

2. What is Reconstruction?
Post Civil War period ( )
Federal Government was trying to rebuild the war torn south and protect the rights of the newly freed slaves.

3. Reconstruction Amendments
13th Amendment: Abolished slavery in the United States, (abolish means to formally end a practice)
14th Amendment: Gave African-Americans citizenship, said no individual could be denied citizenship based on race, religion etc. DUE PROCESS OF LAW
15th Amendment: Gave African-Americans the right to vote

4. Laws put into place at the state and local level to enforce segregation
Segregation: the separation of whites and blacks
Jim Crow Laws

5. Examples of Jim Crow Laws
Segregation of public schools
Segregation of public places such as libraries, pools, and parks
Denial of services at restaurants
Segregation of restroom and water fountains

6. Plessy vs. Ferguson (1896)
Supreme Court ruling that upheld the constitutionality of Jim Crow laws and the doctrine of separate but equal

7. Significance of the Plessy Decision
Due to this decision, the doctrine of separate but equal remained legal until the mid-1950’s

8. The Fight Against Jim Crow
Key Figures

9. Ida B. Wells Organized the national Anti-Lynching Crusade.
Lynching – murder by hanging.
One of the main tactics used to terrorize African Americans, especially in the South.
Her research revealed that 728 African American men and women had been lynched in the past decade.

10. W.E.B DuBois Real name was William Edward Burghardt.
First African American to receive a Ph. D from Harvard University.
Noted Historian.
One of the founders of the NAACP (National Association for the Advancement of Colored People)
Editor of the journal The Crisis.
Wanted immediate racial equality and integration.

11. Booker T. Washington Prominent African American leader.
Argued African Americans should:
Seek gradual equality
Focus on job training
Do not be too demanding with integration
Established the Tuskegee Institute.
Atlanta Compromise Speech (1895)