Elements & Principles of Floral Design

Elements of Floral Design The directly observable components, ingredients, and physical characteristics of a design. The American Institute of Floral Designers. The AIFD Guide to Floral Design. Terms, Techniques, and Traditions. The Intelvid Group 2005.

Elements of Floral Design Line Form Space Texture Pattern Fragrance Size Color The American Institute of Floral Designers. The AIFD Guide to Floral Design. Terms, Techniques, and Traditions. The Intelvid Group 2005.

Line The visual pathway that directs eye movement through a composition Distance between two points The American Institute of Floral Designers. The AIFD Guide to Floral Design. Terms, Techniques, and Traditions. The Intelvid Group 2005.

Hunter, Norah T., The Art of Floral Design Second Edition Delmar 2000.

Line directions: Vertical lines—stress height and suggest power and strength Horizontal lines—stress width and are peaceful and calm, provide a sense of stability Diagonal line—dynamically energetic, causing more eye movement. Use sparingly Curved line—suggest motion, but are softer, more comforting. Eye moves quickly through design. The American Institute of Floral Designers. The AIFD Guide to Floral Design. Terms, Techniques, and Traditions. The Intelvid Group 2005.

Vertical line--Power and strength Hunter, Norah T., The Art of Floral Design Second Edition Delmar 2000.

Horizontal linePeaceful and calm Hunter, Norah T., The Art of Floral Design Second Edition Delmar 2000.

Diagonal lineDynamically energetic, suggest motion Hunter, Norah T., The Art of Floral Design Second Edition Delmar 2000.

Curved lineSofter suggestion of motion Hunter, Norah T., The Art of Floral Design Second Edition Delmar 2000.

Form the shape or configuration of an individual component of the composition. The overall, three-dimensional, geometric shape or configuration of a floral composition. The American Institute of Floral Designers. The AIFD Guide to Floral Design. Terms, Techniques, and Traditions. The Intelvid Group 2005.

Hunter, Norah T., The Art of Floral Design Second Edition Delmar 2000.

Paradiseflowers.com

Paradiseflowers.com

Space the area in, around, and between the components of the design, defined by the three-dimensional area occupied by the composition. Positive space Negative space The American Institute of Floral Designers. The AIFD Guide to Floral Design. Terms, Techniques, and Traditions. The Intelvid Group 2005.

Hunter, Norah T., The Art of Floral Design Second Edition Delmar 2000.

Hunter, Norah T., The Art of Floral Design Second Edition Delmar 2000.

Texture The surface quality of a material, as perceived by sight or touch Smooth, coarse, waxy, rough, delicate, velvety The American Institute of Floral Designers. The AIFD Guide to Floral Design. Terms, Techniques, and Traditions. The Intelvid Group 2005.

Hunter, Norah T., The Art of Floral Design Second Edition Delmar 2000.

Texture

Texture

Texture

Pattern A repeated combination of line, form, color, texture, and/or space. Variegated markings, speckles Any element used more than once The American Institute of Floral Designers. The AIFD Guide to Floral Design. Terms, Techniques, and Traditions. The Intelvid Group 2005.

Pattern

Pattern—what is repeated

Fragrance A sweet or pleasing odor, perceived by the sense of smell. heightens our awareness increases sensory enjoyment triggers memory The American Institute of Floral Designers. The AIFD Guide to Floral Design. Terms, Techniques, and Traditions. The Intelvid Group 2005.

Using all 5 senses All five senses Hunter, Norah T., The Art of Floral Design Second Edition Delmar 2000.

Hunter, Norah T., The Art of Floral Design Second Edition Delmar 2000.

Hunter, Norah T., The Art of Floral Design Second Edition Delmar 2000.

Hunter, Norah T., The Art of Floral Design Second Edition Delmar 2000.

Hunter, Norah T., The Art of Floral Design Second Edition Delmar 2000.

Size The physical dimensions of line, form, or space First considerations Emotional aspect The American Institute of Floral Designers. The AIFD Guide to Floral Design. Terms, Techniques, and Traditions. The Intelvid Group 2005.

Color The visual response of the eye to reflected rays of light most important design element Optical sensation, originating in the brain’s perception of light energy reflected to the eye from a pigmented surface. Emotional response The American Institute of Floral Designers. The AIFD Guide to Floral Design. Terms, Techniques, and Traditions. The Intelvid Group 2005.

Color FTD

Principles of Floral Design Principles of design-fundamental guidelines to aesthetic design that govern the organization of the elements and materials in accordance with the laws of nature. Some primary principals of design are associated with related secondary principles of design. The American Institute of Floral Designers. The AIFD Guide to Floral Design. Terms, Techniques, and Traditions. The Intelvid Group 2005.

Principles of Floral Design Balance Proportion Scale Dominance Emphasis Focal Area Accent Rhythm Depth Repetition Transition Contrast Opposition Tension Variation Harmony Unity The American Institute of Floral Designers. The AIFD Guide to Floral Design. Terms, Techniques, and Traditions. The Intelvid Group 2005.

Balance gives a sense of equilibrium and repose, a feeling of three-dimensional stability. . Physical also known as mechanical balance—sound Visual balance—sense of equilibrium The American Institute of Floral Designers. The AIFD Guide to Floral Design. Terms, Techniques, and Traditions. The Intelvid Group 2005.

Or looks like it will easily tip over Easily falls over Or looks like it will easily tip over Hunter, Norah T., The Art of Floral Design Second Edition Delmar 2000.

Hunter, Norah T., The Art of Floral Design Second Edition Delmar 2000. Visually balanced

Balance symmetrical balance—known as formal balance, flowers are repeated on opposite sides of the floral arrangement. Using an imaginary central axis, one side of the arrangement is the mirror image of the other. Asymmetrical balance—known as informal balance. Formed by placing unequal visual weight on each side of a central vertical axis. The American Institute of Floral Designers. The AIFD Guide to Floral Design. Terms, Techniques, and Traditions. The Intelvid Group 2005.

Balance Radial balance—radiate from a central point like the spokes of a wheel or the rays of the sun. The American Institute of Floral Designers. The AIFD Guide to Floral Design. Terms, Techniques, and Traditions. The Intelvid Group 2005.

Symmetrical-one side mirrors the other Hunter, Norah T., The Art of Floral Design Second Edition Delmar 2000. Symmetrical-one side mirrors the other Asymmetrical-two sides are dissimilar but have equal visual weight or equal eye attraction which creates visual balance

Symmetrical vs. Asymmetrical FTD Barnes & Noble Books. The New Flower Arranger: Contemporary Approach to Floral Design. Anness Publishing Limited 1995.

Hunter, Norah T., The Art of Floral Design Second Edition Delmar 2000.

Radial Balance Hunter, Norah T., The Art of Floral Design Second Edition Delmar 2000. Radial balance--Not separate from symmetrical or asymmetrical, but merely a fine distinction of one or the other

Radial Balance

Symmetrical but too perfect—rendering a contrived and fake appearance Hunter, Norah T., The Art of Floral Design Second Edition Delmar 2000. Symmetrical but too perfect—rendering a contrived and fake appearance

Hunter, Norah T., The Art of Floral Design Second Edition Delmar 2000. Near symmetrical Not symmetrical in placement but arranged in a near-symmetrical pattern to form a balanced, formal shape

Proportion The comparative relationship in size, quantity, and degree of emphasis among components within the composition; the relationship of one portion to another, or of one portion to the whole. design should be 1 ½ to 2 times the height or width of the container The American Institute of Floral Designers. The AIFD Guide to Floral Design. Terms, Techniques, and Traditions. The Intelvid Group 2005.

Greek golden section in which the ration of vase to flowers is Hunter, Norah T., The Art of Floral Design Second Edition Delmar 2000. Greek golden section in which the ration of vase to flowers is 3 to 5 or roughly 5 to 8

Golden mean refers to the division of a line somewhere Hunter, Norah T., The Art of Floral Design Second Edition Delmar 2000. Golden mean refers to the division of a line somewhere between ½ and 1/3 its length Flower design slightly off center

Overall size of a floral arrangement or its parts Hunter, Norah T., The Art of Floral Design Second Edition Delmar 2000. Overall size of a floral arrangement or its parts compared with other objects or their parts. Scale floral elements with each other

Scale The relative ratio of size, or the relationship of the size of a composition to the surrounding area or environment. The American Institute of Floral Designers. The AIFD Guide to Floral Design. Terms, Techniques, and Traditions. The Intelvid Group 2005.

Hunter, Norah T., The Art of Floral Design Second Edition Delmar 2000. Arrangements should fit on the table physically and visually and be in proportion to the surrounding area

Hunter, Norah T., The Art of Floral Design Second Edition Delmar 2000.

Small table small room small arrangement Hunter, Norah T., The Art of Floral Design Second Edition Delmar 2000. Small table small room small arrangement

Large to permit viewing from a distance Hunter, Norah T., The Art of Floral Design Second Edition Delmar 2000. Large to permit viewing from a distance

Dominance The visual organization within a design that emphasizes one or more aspects. When one element is emphasized, others are subordinate. The American Institute of Floral Designers. The AIFD Guide to Floral Design. Terms, Techniques, and Traditions. The Intelvid Group 2005.

Emphasis The special attention or importance given to one or more areas within a design. Directs eye to more important areas The American Institute of Floral Designers. The AIFD Guide to Floral Design. Terms, Techniques, and Traditions. The Intelvid Group 2005.

Focal Area The area of greatest visual impact or weight; the center of interest to which the eye is most naturally drawn. Center of gravity or balance Where eye is drawn Where the eye rests One element different than others The American Institute of Floral Designers. The AIFD Guide to Floral Design. Terms, Techniques, and Traditions. The Intelvid Group 2005.

Hunter, Norah T., The Art of Floral Design Second Edition Delmar 2000.

Focal Point

Focal Point Barnes & Noble Books. The New Flower Arranger: Contemporary Approach to Floral Design. Anness Publishing Limited 1995.

Focal Point Barnes & Noble Books. The New Flower Arranger: Contemporary Approach to Floral Design. Anness Publishing Limited 1995.

Accent Detail added to a design to provide additional interest, affecting the total character of the composition. Enlivens Dash of something The American Institute of Floral Designers. The AIFD Guide to Floral Design. Terms, Techniques, and Traditions. The Intelvid Group 2005.

Accessories Hunter, Norah T., The Art of Floral Design Second Edition Delmar 2000.

Accent Crescentcityflowershop.com

Accent

Hunter, Norah T., The Art of Floral Design Second Edition Delmar 2000.

Rhythm Flow or movement characterized by regular recurrence of elements or features Use repeated patterns and graceful spacing. The goal is to create a visual pathway that leads the viewer’s eye around and through the design, then back to the focal point. The American Institute of Floral Designers. The AIFD Guide to Floral Design. Terms, Techniques, and Traditions. The Intelvid Group 2005.

Hunter, Norah T., The Art of Floral Design Second Edition Delmar 2000.

Depth Three-dimensional arrangement overlap or angle flowers place bright, dark flowers on the bottom of the arrangement, lighter and smaller at the top The American Institute of Floral Designers. The AIFD Guide to Floral Design. Terms, Techniques, and Traditions. The Intelvid Group 2005.

Barnes & Noble Books. The New Flower Arranger: Contemporary Approach to Floral Design. Anness Publishing Limited 1995.

Repetition The recurrence of like elements within a composition The American Institute of Floral Designers. The AIFD Guide to Floral Design. Terms, Techniques, and Traditions. The Intelvid Group 2005.

Hunter, Norah T., The Art of Floral Design Second Edition Delmar 2000.

Repetition

Transition The ease of visual movement which results from gradual degrees of change among one or more of the elements The American Institute of Floral Designers. The AIFD Guide to Floral Design. Terms, Techniques, and Traditions. The Intelvid Group 2005.

Hunter, Norah T., The Art of Floral Design Second Edition Delmar 2000.

Contrast Emphasis by means of difference. The American Institute of Floral Designers. The AIFD Guide to Floral Design. Terms, Techniques, and Traditions. The Intelvid Group 2005.

Contrast--color

Opposition Contrast between elements which are counterpoint in relation to each other. Call attention to each other by being opposite whereas contrast is simply different from each other The American Institute of Floral Designers. The AIFD Guide to Floral Design. Terms, Techniques, and Traditions. The Intelvid Group 2005.

Hunter, Norah T., The Art of Floral Design Second Edition Delmar 2000.

Opposition—black & white

Contrast in color simplest way to create strong focal point Hunter, Norah T., The Art of Floral Design Second Edition Delmar 2000. Contrast in color simplest way to create strong focal point

Tension Implying or suggesting a sense of energy Polarity—drawn together or pushed apart Knot a leaf-energy has been exerted or applied New bulb forcing out of soil Ready to spring or snap The American Institute of Floral Designers. The AIFD Guide to Floral Design. Terms, Techniques, and Traditions. The Intelvid Group 2005.

Tension—something is waiting to happen Chicagotribune.com

Barnes & Noble Books. The New Flower Arranger: Contemporary Approach to Floral Design. Anness Publishing Limited 1995.

Hunter, Norah T., The Art of Floral Design Second Edition Delmar 2000.

Variation Dissimilarity among attributes or characteristics. Diversity among elements Vary stages of development All one color of flower, but different flowers The American Institute of Floral Designers. The AIFD Guide to Floral Design. Terms, Techniques, and Traditions. The Intelvid Group 2005.

Proximity-combining flowers into one design Hunter, Norah T., The Art of Floral Design Second Edition Delmar 2000. Proximity-combining flowers into one design Repetition-repeating similar elements such as color Transition-providing a gradual change from one part of a design to another

Harmony Compatibility; a pleasing or congruent arrangement of parts. All parts should go together or “harmonize” with each other. The American Institute of Floral Designers. The AIFD Guide to Floral Design. Terms, Techniques, and Traditions. The Intelvid Group 2005.

Hunter, Norah T., The Art of Floral Design Second Edition Delmar 2000. Lack a sense of harmony

Hunter, Norah T., The Art of Floral Design Second Edition Delmar 2000. Harmony by added accessories which support football or homecoming theme

Hunter, Norah T., The Art of Floral Design Second Edition Delmar 2000. All component parts of a floral composition should harmonize with one another. It is vital that the flowers in a design are compatible with one another in order to support an overall design style.

Hunter, Norah T., The Art of Floral Design Second Edition Delmar 2000. Terra-cotta post and blush tones flowers create a casual garden ambiance for this celebration setting. Harmony of the parts displays unity in design

Unity --the state of being one, united, or complete in itself. The arrangement is seen as a whole piece instead of only individual parts. Oneness of purpose, thought, style, and spirit. The American Institute of Floral Designers. The AIFD Guide to Floral Design. Terms, Techniques, and Traditions. The Intelvid Group 2005.

Plums, kiwi enhance an overall harmonious theme Hunter, Norah T., The Art of Floral Design Second Edition Delmar 2000. Accessories Candles Plums, kiwi enhance an overall harmonious theme

Examples of Line and Sticks Design Assignment