1. Floral Design Elements

2. Objectives
Identify the primary and secondary principles of floral design
Distinguish a floral design’s primary and secondary principles
Compose a candy bouquet using primary and secondary design principles

3. 2 1 4 3

4. Quick Questions
Why would you need to know how to identify floral design principles?
Why do different floral arrangements appeal to different people?
Why would different design principles be needed for different tasks?
What are the principles of floral design?
What types of floral arrangements are there?
What is harmony?

5. Primary Principles Composition Harmony Unity Proportion Balance Rhythm
Contrast

6. Composition
The organization or grouping of a variety materials to achieve a unified whole
Selection of floral materials, accessories, and placement

7. Harmony
The aesthetic quality created through the pleasing interaction of materials used in a design.
Expressed when focusing on the overall relationship between all of the components.
Mood/theme of composition

8. Unity
The relationship of the pieces should produce a single general effect
Expressed when focusing on the relationship of individual components
Can be reached through
Proximity
Close
Repetition
Transition
Gradual
Unity with variety
Repeat colors, tones, and tints
Repeat shapes
Focal point
No geometric stiffness

9. Proportion Compares relationship of components to each other Size
Quantity
Emphasis
Design and container

10. Balance
The placement of components creating a feeling of physical and visual stability

11. Balance: Mechanical
Structural balance through placement

12. Balance: Visual
Created by selection of textures, colors, and sizes

13. Balance: Asymmetrical
Using different materials on each side of design
Equal visual weight, balance
Informal, natural, movement, attracts and holds attention

14. Balance: Symmetrical
Using identical materials and placement on each side of design
Restful, peaceful, formal, strength, stability, stiff, contrived

15. Rhythm Related orderly movement implying unity
A feeling of motion, not confusion
Eye follows from focal point outward and back
Repetition
Transition

16. Contrast Strong contrast Soft contrast
The difference between objects when they are placed next to each other
Gives excitement to the design
Design styles
Dramatic
Strong contrast
Quiet
Soft contrast

17. Secondary Principles Scale Focal Point Accent Emphasis Depth
Repetition

18. Scale Ratio of the size of a composition to its surroundings
In scale with container and accessories

19. Focal Point Where the eye naturally focuses Greatest visual weight
Center of interest
Location
Above rim of container
Extend out to create depth
Strong color
Full blossom
Asymmetrical – placed on high side

20. Accent
Addition to design to increase interest and emphasize other elements
Usually focal point or theme

21. Emphasis
A location of the design that is given an accent or more attention to make it stand out

22. Depth
Placement of materials at different levels inside and around the design
Can be given by:
Placing stems as they grow in nature
Light and shadows
Sticking out of design

23. Repetition
Placement of materials at different levels inside and around the design
Can be given by:
Placing stems as they grow in nature
Light and shadows
Sticking out of design

24. Designs Can reach desired shape by Horizontal Tall
Scaling flowers toward focal point
Placing larger flowers toward focal point
Placing smaller flowers along edges
Unequal amounts of material
Horizontal
Plant material 1 ½ times width of container
Tall
Plant material 1 ½ times height of container