REVISION 7 R EPORTED S PEECH C ONDITIONALS A MERICAN E NGLISH Mgr. Dagmar Svoreňová, 2009

R EPORTED SPEECH Tom said: Ann is ill.(Direct speech) Tom said (that) Ann was ill. (Indirect speech) When we use reported speech, we usually talk about the PAST. So verbs usually change to the past in reported speech. For example: am/is was arewere have/hashad willwould cancould dodid wantwanted knowknew

D IRECT SPEECH I NDIRECT SPEECH Tom said: Tom said(that) My parents are very well. his parents were very well. Tom said: Tom said (that) Ann has bought a new car. Ann had bought a new car. Tom said: Tom said (that) I will phone you. he would phone me. Tom said: Tom said (that) I saw Jack at the party. he had seen Jack at the party. ! The past simple changes to the past perfect ! saw had seen did had done

R EPORTED SPEECH Y ESTERDAY YOU MET A FRIEND OF YOURS, C HARLIE. H E TOLD YOU A LOT OF THINGS. 1. I´m thinking of going to live in Canada, he said. Charlie said that My father is in hospital, he said. Charlie said that Nora and Jim are getting married next month, he said. Charlie said that

R EPORTED SPEECH 4. I haven´t seen Bill for a while, he said. Charlie said that I don´t know what Fred is doing, he said. Charlie said that I worked 14 hours a day, he said. Charlie said that

R EPORTED SPEECH 7. John can come and stay with me in London, he said. Charlie said that I will tell Jim I saw you, he said. Charlie said I ´ve been playing tennis a lot recently, he said. Charlie said

C ONDITIONALS 1st Conditional (Future) Mary: I think I left my mobile in your house. Have you seen it? Ann: No, but I´ll have a look. If I find it, I´ll give it to you. if clausemain clause There is a real possibility that Ann will find the mobile. So she says: If I find it, I will give it to you.

1 ST C ONDITIONAL P UT THE VERBS IN BRACKETS INTO THE CORRECT TENSE 1. If you (want)some money, you (have) to get a part time job. 2. If it (rain) tomorrow, I (not/go) shopping. 3. If you (not/ get up) soon, you (not/have) time for breakfast. 4. I (watch) the football match, if I (finish) my homework. 5. I (go) to the doctor´s, if I (not/feel) better in the morning.

C ONDITIONALS 2nd Conditional(Present) Tom wants to telephone Sue, but he can´t do this, because he doesn´t know her telephone number. He says: If I knew her number, I would phone her. if clausemain clause This situation is unreal (or imaginary). He would like to phone her, but he doesn´t know her phone number. ! In if sentences we can use were instead of was ! If I were you, I would help her. If I were you, I wouldn´t buy that coat. If it weren´t raining, I would go out.

2 ND C ONDITIONAL P UT THE VERBS IN BRACKETS INTO THE CORRECT TENSE 1. If I (take) your bike without asking, you (be) angry. 2. I (keep) it, if I (find) £100 in the street. 3. If I (not/visit) Tom, he (be) surprised. 4. If I (be) rich, I (buy) a castle. 5. If I (have) a tatoo, I (have) a little butterfly on my shoulder.

A MERICAN E NGLISH American and British English are just variations of the same language. The main differences are small changes in grammar, spelling, pronuntiation and vocabulary. But you will usually be able to understand! US UKUSUK bathtub bathvacation holiday cellphone mobile(phone)periodfull stop chips crispsparking lotcar park elevator liftpants trousers fall autumngaspetrol first floor ground floormoviefilm freeway motorwaystoreshop French fries chipstorchflashlight one-way ticket single ticketcandysweets round-trip ticket return ticketsidewalk pavement