1950s Civil Rights Movement How are Jim Crow laws being dismantled during the 1950s?

Brown v. Board of Education (1954) 1951: Brown family filed a lawsuit arguing segregated schools violate 14th Am Kansas court ruled against Brown, “separate but equal” is legal However, 1947 Mendez v. Westminster case & a few other cases stated segregating students was unconstitutional NAACP lawyer Thurgood Marshall appeals to Sup. Court

Separate is not equal Sup Court Ruling: Brown had been deprived of 14th Am. Rights because separate schools are inherently unequal Court says “separate but equal” has no place in education, orders all schools must be desegregated 1955: Griffin v. School Board of Prince Edward County (Brown II) orders the desegregation of public schools w/ “deliberate speed”

1957: Black students enroll in Little Rock schools http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oodolEmUg2g Little Rock Crisis 1957: Black students enroll in Little Rock schools Arkansas Governor Orval Faubus orders the Ntl Guard to stop nine black students from entering Central HS Eisenhower sends in 101st Airborne to escort students into HS Discuss: How would you feel if you attended Central HS & why are Little Rock Nine significant

Montgomery Bus Boycott Rosa Parks refuses to give her seat to a white man, is arrested Reverend Martin Luther King, Jr. leads a boycott of Montgomery public buses – Sup Court outlaws bus segregation MLK forms SCLC, used peaceful protests against segregation

Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC) SNCC will be more confrontational than SCLC Greensboro Four begin sit-in at Woolworth’s lunch counter, refused service return each day w/ more students Discuss: Could you have done a sit-in and why were the sit-ins important? Sit-ins spread, some turn violent Eisenhower publicly supports students