1. The Civil Rights Movement

2. I. The Segregation System
During the 1890’s, many states throughout the nation, but
especially in the South, passed “Jim Crow” laws aimed at
segregating (or separating) the races. There were segregated
schools, railroad cars, elevators, and rest rooms.

3. Plessy v. Ferguson 1896 Supreme Court case in which the court
upheld segregation
by ruling that “separate
but equal” facilities did
not violate the Fourteenth
Amendment.

4. 14th Amendment
Provides a broad definition of citizenship (The purpose of the Citizenship Clause was to provide citizenship to former slaves born in the United States)
The amendment requires states to provide equal protection under the law to all persons within their jurisdictions
Due Process: …nor shall any State deprive any person of life, liberty, or property, without due process of law

5. Growing Movement Forms
New job opportunities from WWII
Freedoms and victories from fighting in WWII
Campaigned for Voting rights
Challenged Jim Crow Laws
Organized campaigns can bring change, led by the NAACP

6. “The moment I shook Jackie Robinson’s hand, I knew that this would be a big part of my baseball career,” Shuba said. “I played at Chaney High School (Youngstown) with black kids and already accepted them as teammates and friends. When it came to shaking Jackie’s hand, there was no question. He was on our side; he was on our team.

7. Brown v. Bd. Of Education 1954
Supreme Court case challenging segregation in public schools;
the court ruled that separate facilities were unequal and
an unconstitutional violation of the 14th Amendment. (Brown II)
Thurgood Marshall
Brown Family

8. Montgomery Bus Boycott 1955
Fifty Thousand African Americans
led by MLK organized a boycott
against the bus system of Montgomery,
AL when Rosa Parks was arrested for
refusing to give up her seat to a white
passenger.
Non-violent protest resulted
in 1956 Supreme Court
outlawed bus segregation

9. Crisis in Little Rock 1957 “Little Rock Nine” was to integrate
Central HS.
Elizabeth Eckford bravely walked
alone through a crowd of angry,
jeering whites before she was turned
away from entering Little Rock’s
Central High School.
National Guard was 1st
used to prevent entry
Ike used soldiers to
escort LRN to classes
TV showed events to US

10. Grassroot Organizations
Southern Christian Leadership Conference
(SCLC):An organization formed in 1957 by Dr Martin Luther King, Jr., and other leaders to work for civil rights through nonviolent means.
Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee (SNCC):An organization formed in 1960 to coordinate sit-ins and other protests and to give young blacks a larger role in the civil rights movement.