The Industrial Revolution Begins Section 2: Britain Leads the Way Witness History Audio: Riding the Railway Why Britain? Britain was able to quickly industrialize because of several factors: coal and river transportation routes were plentiful; there was a large pool of skilled mechanics; there were enough people who had grown rich from trade to finance new industries; there was a stable government that supported economic growth. Notes: Listen to the Witness History audio. Then read aloud the main idea for each subheading in this section and show the related visuals. After listening to the Witness History audio, ask, “Why did the ride seem so strange to Fanny Kemble?” (There was no animal pulling them along—just a machine.) When showing Color Transparency 115, ask “Which invention most affected imports?” (cotton gin) “Which inventions most affected exports?” (flying shuttle, spinning jenny, water frame, factory) “How did more British imports affect slavery in America? (To grow more cotton to export, planters needed more slaves.) When showing Color Transparency 113, ask students to describe what was shipped on the canals and what replaced the canals. When showing Color Transparency 114, ask students why the route from Liverpool to Manchester was so vital. Geography Interactive: Resources and Industries in England, 1750 Note Taking Transparency 128 1 of 8

The Industrial Revolution Begins Section 2: Britain Leads the Way The Textile Industry Advances The Industrial Revolution made its first big impact on the textile industry. Machines were invented that cleaned cotton, spun thread, and wove cloth. Home-based workers were quickly replaced by fewer factory workers. Color Transparency 115: British Cotton Imports and Exports About 1840 Notes: Listen to the Witness History audio. Then read aloud the main idea for each subheading in this section and show the related visuals. After listening to the Witness History audio, ask, “Why did the ride seem so strange to Fanny Kemble?” (There was no animal pulling them along—just a machine.) When showing Color Transparency 115, ask “Which invention most affected imports?” (cotton gin) “Which inventions most affected exports?” (flying shuttle, spinning jenny, water frame, factory) “How did more British imports affect slavery in America? (To grow more cotton to export, planters needed more slaves.) When showing Color Transparency 113, ask students to describe what was shipped on the canals and what replaced the canals. When showing Color Transparency 114, ask students why the route from Liverpool to Manchester was so vital. Color Transparency 113: Canals in Britain 1800 Color Transparency 114: The Growth of Railways in Great Britain, 1840 and 1850 2 of 8

The Industrial Revolution Begins Section 2: Britain Leads the Way The Transportation Revolution With increased production came the demand for better transportation. Turnpikes were built and canals were dug. Railroad tracks crisscrossed Europe and North America. Witness History Audio: Sounds of the Rails Notes: Listen to the Witness History audio. Then read aloud the main idea for each subheading in this section and show the related visuals. After listening to the Witness History audio, ask, “Why did the ride seem so strange to Fanny Kemble?” (There was no animal pulling them along—just a machine.) When showing Color Transparency 115, ask “Which invention most affected imports?” (cotton gin) “Which inventions most affected exports?” (flying shuttle, spinning jenny, water frame, factory) “How did more British imports affect slavery in America? (To grow more cotton to export, planters needed more slaves.) When showing Color Transparency 113, ask students to describe what was shipped on the canals and what replaced the canals. When showing Color Transparency 114, ask students why the route from Liverpool to Manchester was so vital. QuickTake Section Quiz Progress Monitoring Transparency 3 of 8

The Industrial Revolution Begins: Section 2 Note Taking Transparency 128 4 of 8

The Industrial Revolution Begins: Section 2 Color Transparency 115: British Cotton Imports and Exports About 1840 5 of 8

The Industrial Revolution Begins: Section 2 Color Transparency 113: Canals in Britain 1800 6 of 8

The Industrial Revolution Begins: Section 2 Color Transparency 114: The Growth of Railways in Great Britain, 1840 and 1850 7 of 8

The Industrial Revolution Begins: Section 2 Progress Monitoring Transparency 8 of 8