1. Britannia

2. Britannia Learning Points Learning Points Learn why Britain was the first nation to industrialize Learn why Britain was the first nation to industrialize Understand the connections between natural resources, labor, and money in an industrial economy. Understand the connections between natural resources, labor, and money in an industrial economy.

3. Britannia Following an agricultural revolution in the Middle Ages, more food is produced and more farmers headed to the city for work. Following an agricultural revolution in the Middle Ages, more food is produced and more farmers headed to the city for work. This population boom gave cheap labor. This population boom gave cheap labor.

4. Britannia Britain had navigable rivers and many good ports for trade. Land was flat so canals were easily built Britain had large amounts of iron and high quality coal needed to build and run machines.

5. Britannia Because of a sea-faring culture, Britain had lots of skilled mechanics Because of a sea-faring culture, Britain had lots of skilled mechanics Trade from their growing empire gave Britain lots of extra capital – money used to grow businesses. Trade from their growing empire gave Britain lots of extra capital – money used to grow businesses. The British use their capital to reinvest in new technology. The British use their capital to reinvest in new technology.

6. Britannia Britain had a stable government with a Bill of Rights, free trade, and a powerful military. Britain had a stable government with a Bill of Rights, free trade, and a powerful military. Entrepreneurs took risks with their capital because it was safer and they could get large gains. Entrepreneurs took risks with their capital because it was safer and they could get large gains.

7. Britannia What two mineral resources did Britain have in abundance? What two mineral resources did Britain have in abundance?

8. Britannia In the old “putting out system” each house was given a little bit of cotton to work on. Demand for more cloth created new inventions Flying Shuttle Spinning Jenny Water Frame Eli Whitney’s Cotton Gin

9. Britannia What was the benefit of having a sea-faring culture for Britain? What was the benefit of having a sea-faring culture for Britain?

10. Britannia These large new inventions were moved to large warehouses near water for power creating the first factories These large new inventions were moved to large warehouses near water for power creating the first factories Workers came and left every day instead of living where they worked. Workers came and left every day instead of living where they worked.

11. Britannia With increased production, entrepreneurs needed increased transportation. With increased production, entrepreneurs needed increased transportation. Turnpikes, or privately well-maintained roads used for a toll, sped up travel. Turnpikes, or privately well-maintained roads used for a toll, sped up travel.

12. Britannia Canals built to transport coal and cotton in and finished goods out of the factories. Canals built to transport coal and cotton in and finished goods out of the factories. Since they were near water anyway, canals became an easy and cheap transport method. Since they were near water anyway, canals became an easy and cheap transport method. Profits made from tolls and cost of coal was halved. Profits made from tolls and cost of coal was halved.

13. Britannia In the early 1800s, entrepreneurs began to look for a way to transport without water – coal and iron were in the mountains. When the steam engine was invented it is quickly adapted to a locomotive.

14. Britannia The first train line ran from the major British factory cities of Manchester and Liverpool. The first train line ran from the major British factory cities of Manchester and Liverpool. By 1870, almost every city in Europe could be reached by train. By 1870, almost every city in Europe could be reached by train.

15. Britannia Why couldn’t Britain use canals to transport coal and iron from their source? Why couldn’t Britain use canals to transport coal and iron from their source?

16. Britannia Industrialization: Inventors develop machines that could produce large amounts of goods more efficiently and prices fell, so…

17. Britannia Lower prices means goods were more affordable making more customers, who demanded even more goods. The economic and social ways of Europe were changed forever as industrialization spread out from Britain.