Animal Science Unit: Animals at the Cellular Level Lesson: Animal Cells

Animal Cell Terms Cell Mitochondrion Eukaryotic Cell Golgi Complex Cell Membrane Lysosome Cytoplasm Organelles Endoplasmic Reticulum Chromosomes Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum Ribosomes Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum Nucleus Nuclear Membrane Nucleolus

Animal Cell

What is a Cell? A Cell is the most basic unit of life There are two different types of cells Animal cells are also known as Eukaryotic Cells Eukaryotic Cells are cells that have a distinct cell nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles Cells are the building blocks of life Example: The building blocks of a house is the foundation and the wood frame

Parts of an Animal Cell Cell Membrane is the outside covering of the cell, which is made up of a thin layer of lipids (fats) Functions of the Cell Membrane: To separate the cell contents or organelles from the external environment Used as a protective barrier from the surrounding environment To allow raw materials (carbohydrates and proteins) to enter the cell To allow newly made proteins and waste to exit the cell

Parts of an Animal Cell The nucleus is the “brain” of the cell, it controls all the cell’s activity It is surrounded by the nuclear membrane, which functions are similar to the cell membrane The nucleus also contains chromosomes, which are small strands of genetic material Chromosomes are a complex of DNA, RNA and proteins Nucleolus is a specialized structure in a nucleus that is the site of ribosome synthesis. Ribosomes are structures in which cell proteins are assembled, They appear as beadlike structures on the endoplasmic reticulum

Parts of an Animal Cell Cytoplasm is a jellylike substance between the cell membrane and the nuclear membrane It contains several specialized structures called organelles The endoplasmic reticulum is a network of membranes that connects the cell membrane to the nucleus There are two sections of the endoplasmic reticulum, which has its own function The smooth endoplasmic reticulum is the site for the production of lipids (fats) and hormones The rough endoplasmic reticulum is the site for the production of proteins

Parts of an Animal Cell Mitochondria are small, egg-shaped organelles that manufacture adenosine triphosphate (ATP) ATP is used as an energy source for the cell Lysosomes are round organelles that cause the digestion of proteins through the release of enzymes These are made by the Golgi complex The Golgi Complex consists of flattened membrane sacs that receive substances transported from the endoplasmic reticulum It also stores the substances and alters their chemical structure This is where proteins are processed, sorted or modified

Homework Assignments Animal Cell Coloring Page Cell City Analogy Turn in before you leave class today Cell City Analogy Turn in tomorrow at the beginning of the class Animal Cell Project Due Make sure all your notes are put in your binder!!!!!