1. The Cell Structures and Functions

2. The Eukaryotic Cell Protists, Fungi, Plants and Animals are examples of Eukaryotes. Protists, Fungi, Plants and Animals are examples of Eukaryotes. Although they are different, each of them contain many of the same cellular components Although they are different, each of them contain many of the same cellular components

3. Cellular Organelles Organelle literally means “tiny organs” Organelle literally means “tiny organs” Eukaryotic Cells contain cellular organelles that perform specific functions for the cell Eukaryotic Cells contain cellular organelles that perform specific functions for the cell

4. The Animal Cell All animals including humans contain animal cells All animals including humans contain animal cells These cells are individually specialized for specific functions These cells are individually specialized for specific functions

5. Cytoplasm A jelly-like substance that contains or holds of cell’s A jelly-like substance that contains or holds of cell’s organelles organelles

6. The Nucleus The brain of the cell The brain of the cell Contains all of an organisms genetic information Contains all of an organisms genetic information Controls ALL cellular functions Controls ALL cellular functions

7. The Nucleus Cont…… Nucleolus- the center of the nucleus contains chromosomes and makes ribosomes Nucleolus- the center of the nucleus contains chromosomes and makes ribosomes Nuclear Envelope- separates nucleus from the cytoplasm Nuclear Envelope- separates nucleus from the cytoplasm

8. The Mitochondrion Supplies the energy needed by the cell Supplies the energy needed by the cell Also known as the “power house” of the cell Also known as the “power house” of the cell ATP is the cells form of energy ATP is the cells form of energy

9. Lysosomes Also known as the stomach or trash can of the cell Also known as the stomach or trash can of the cell It contains the cells digestive enzymes It contains the cells digestive enzymes

10. Ribosomes Ribosomes make proteins which contain genetic information Ribosomes make proteins which contain genetic information The ribosome is made in the nucleolus The ribosome is made in the nucleolus

11. The Golgi Apparatus Packages proteins for export by the cell Packages proteins for export by the cell Similar to factory workers Similar to factory workers Appear as flattened sacks Appear as flattened sacks

12. Microtubules Pass information from the nucleus to other parts of the cells Pass information from the nucleus to other parts of the cells Microtubules act as telephone wires Microtubules act as telephone wires

13. Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum Makes steroids and regulates calcium levels Makes steroids and regulates calcium levels Breaks down toxic substances Breaks down toxic substances Smooth ER acts like a factory Smooth ER acts like a factory

14. Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum Moves proteins through the cell Moves proteins through the cell Rough ER acts as delivery trucks Rough ER acts as delivery trucks Rough ER are covered in ribosomes Rough ER are covered in ribosomes

15. Cell Membrane Selectively permeable / semi- permeable Selectively permeable / semi- permeable Lipid bi-layer (2) Lipid bi-layer (2) Controls what enters and leaves the cell Controls what enters and leaves the cell Found in both plant and animal cells Found in both plant and animal cells

16. The Plant Cell Contains many of the same organelles as the animal cells Contains many of the same organelles as the animal cells Characterized by its square shape, chloroplast, and central vacuole Characterized by its square shape, chloroplast, and central vacuole

17. The Cell Wall Help plants to keep their shape and offers protection Help plants to keep their shape and offers protection Made of cellulose, a carbohydrate Made of cellulose, a carbohydrate

18. Chloroplast Uses light energy to make sugars (food for plants) Uses light energy to make sugars (food for plants) The site of photosynthesis The site of photosynthesis Contains chlorophyll which gives plants their green color Contains chlorophyll which gives plants their green color

19. Vacuole Stores water, nutrients and wastes Stores water, nutrients and wastes The largest organelle found in the plant cell The largest organelle found in the plant cell

20. The Eukaryotic Cell