The Mongol Empire Grade 7
The Mongol Empire 4 regions or khanates Mongolia and China Central Asia Persia Russia *
Genghis Khan and the Mongols Mongols lived in Northern china. Encouraged the skill of battle into its people. They were great horsemen Could cover 100 miles a day. Special saddles and steel stirrups. Enabled a high rate of bow and arrow fire. Surround their enemies, shower them with arrows. Mongols started their conquest in 1206.
REAL NAME: TEMUJIN (Genghis khan – means strong ruler) CONTINUED.. REAL NAME: TEMUJIN (Genghis khan – means strong ruler) HE SET OUT TO UNIFTY THE MONGOL CLANS HE CREATED A NEW LEGAL CODE AND MONGOL LAWS HE CREATED AN ARMY OF 100,000 WARRIORS CALLED UNITS AND CLAN CHIEFS TO HELP HIM PLAN BATTLES GENGhIS KHAN INVADED parts of asia AND had 21 years of conquest KNOWN FOR HIS USE OF TERROR AND CRUEL FIGHTING METHODS – MANY SURRENDERED WITHOUT FIGHTING
Ghengis Khan Ghenghis Khan lived from 1162-1227. They easily conquered cnetral asia and most of Persia(Bagadad), Tibet and southeast asia Failed to invade Japan……….Storm stopped them……Divine wind. Batu, grandson to Ghenghis invaded Europe in 1240. Controlled Russia, Poland, and Hungary. Typically they plundered the city and enslaved or killed the people living there. Europeans called them the Golden Horde (color of tents)
Kublai Khan Kublai dynasty was called the Yuan. Lasted about 100 years Covered most of northern china, headquartered in Beijing. Under the Mongols China prospered. Population began to grow. Extended the Grand canal. Started trade routes to the south
KUBLAI KHAN HIS CAPITAL CITY: (BEIJING) IN 1271 C.E. – KUBLAI WANTED ALL OF CHINA AND BY 1279 C.E. TOOK OVER ALL OF CHINA AND ENDED THE SONG DYNASTY MONGOLS ALLOWED RELIGIOUS FREEDOM AND BROUGHT WEALTH TO CHINA – TRADED TEA, PORCELAIN, AND SILK FOR CARPETS, COTTON, AND SPICES MANY MUSLIMS AND EUROPEANS WANTED CHINESE DISCOVERIES MONGOLS FORCED KOREANS TO BUILD SHIPS AND TRIED TO INVADE JAPAN TWICE BUT LOST DUE TO HUGE STORMS Failed to conquer Japan Restored the Grand Canal; built paved highway
Contact with Europeans King Louis IX and the Pope sent ambassadors to China. Missionaries also traveled there with traders. Marco Polo, at seventeen, traveled to China. Came from Venice, Italy Took three years Kublai employed him as a special representitive. Stayed in China for 17 years. Ruled the city of Yangzhou Wrote book about travels
Mongol / Chinese Relations Yuan Dynasty did a lot of good for the Chinese, but there were still tensions. They spoke different languages. Mongols did not treat the Chinese as equals. Punishments were harsher for Chinese. Mongols hired their own leaders and did not mix socially with the Chinese Did not give civil service tests but allowed some scholar- officials to keep jobs When Kublai died in 1294. China experienced many problem, flooding and famine caused revolts. 1368, the Mongols were forced out.