1. Mongols in China
Chapter 12 Section 3
Deborah Thompson

3. Chinese Society
Mongol soldiers used silk clothes instead of heavy armor in battle. When a soldier was hit with an arrow, the arrow entered the soldier’s body but could be easily removed because the arrowhead was caught in the soldier’s silk clothing.

4. Who were the Mongols?
Genghis Khan and his sons built the Mongol Empire, which stretched from the Pacific Ocean to Eastern Europe
The Mongols conquered China and created a new dynasty that tried to conquer Japan and began trading with the rest of Asia.
They lived in tribes, or groups of related families.
They were nomadic herders who grazed their animals on the steppes, wide, rolling grassy plains.

5. Ability to ride horses Ability to wage war
Mongols were
known for:
Ability to
wage
war

6. Ghengis Khan His name was Temujin, which means “blacksmith.”
He became Genghis Khan
“strong ruler.”

7. Actions of Genghis Khan
Created a
group of tribal chiefs to help him plan military
campaigns
Drafted a law code
1st conquered steppes
Gathered an
army of 100,000 soldiers
Chose army officers for ability, not family ties
Invaded China in 1211 then conquered kingdoms that controlled parts of the Silk Road

8. Mongol Empire Ghengis Khan died in 1227, and his empire was
Baghdad fell
to Mongols in
1258. Egyptians stopped
their advance.
Ghengis Khan died
in 1227, and
his empire was
dividedAmong 4 sons.
his grandson united
the empire
The Mongols
created the largest
empire the world
had ever seen.

9. Mongols gain wealth through
Mongol Rule
They learned much from the Chinese, including gunpowder and the fire lance.
Peace helped
Mongols gain wealth through
taxing trade.
Adopted
inventions and
ideas helped
strenghthen
the
Mongol
military.
They
respected
cultures
of places
conquered and
adopted beliefs
and customs
of many
places.

11. Main Idea: Kublai Khan became the new khan (ruler). He moved the
Mongols conquered China and created a new dynasty
that tried to conquer Japan and began trading with
the rest of Asia.
He completely wiped
out the Song Dynasty
within a decade
by conquering
southern China.
He moved the
Capital from
Karakorum to
Khanbaliq (now modern
Beijing).
Kublai Khan
became the
new khan
(ruler).
He set up the Yuan Dynasty.
Yuan means beginning. It lasted for only about years,and 30 of that was led by Kublai Khan

12. This is a painting depicting Mongols under the Dynasty
This is a painting depicting Mongols under the Dynasty. Notice the dress of the people and skin color.

13. Mongol Empire Under Genghis Khan 1227

14. Mongol Empire 1294

15. Mongols in China Mongol leaders had top government jobs.
Many Chinese
scholar-
officials
ran the
Government.
The Mongols
had their own
language,
laws, and
customs.
There was little
mixing with the
Chinese.
Mongols in
China
The Mongols had a
policy of tolerance.

16. religions from outside
Mongols were
mostly Buddhist,
but they allowed other
religions from outside
China to exist
within the empire.
Mongols welcomed
foreigners
because they
mistrusted the
Chinese.
Many foreigners
came
to China because of
wider trade
with the west.
Social
Policies

17. Economic Power! China became very wealthy during
Mongol rule. Khanbaliq was known for its
splendor and accommodations.
Economic Power!
Imports:
silver, spices,
carpets,
and cotton
Exports:
Tea, silk, porcelain, and
discoveries such as:
gunpowder, the compass
and steelmaking
ppppp

18. -these were the last words of Marco Polo
“I did not tell half of what I saw.”
-these were the last words of Marco Polo

20. He traveled from Venice, Italy to China in the 1200s to serve
Importance of
Marco Polo
He traveled from Venice,
Italy to China in the
1200s to serve
Kublai Khan.
He made many exploratory
trips for Kublai Khan in 16
years and wrote a book
about his travels and about
the wonders of China.

21. Mongols conquered Vietnam and North Korea.
Political Conquest Continues
Koryo (leaders in Korea) accepted the Mongols like the Chinese and remained in power there.
Mongols conquered Vietnam and North Korea.
Forced labor in Korea helped the Mongols plan an invasion on the island nation of Japan.
Mongol
invasions