Basic Poetic Vocabulary

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Presentation transcript:

Basic Poetic Vocabulary

5 Basic Categories Structure Comparison Word Order Poetic Style Miscellaneous

Structure Structure Stanza: a group of lines forming a cohesive thought/idea Line: a horizontal row of words, which may or may not form a complete sentence Rhythm: pattern of sound created by the arrangement of stressed & unstressed syllables. Meter: regular pattern of (un)stressed syllables Foot: basic unit of measurement

Structure cont. Refrain: a group of repeated words or lines; also called a chorus Couplet: 2 rhyming lines Quatrain: 4 lines with a rhyme scheme Blank verse: contains no rhyme Free Verse: contains no meter or rhyme

Comparison Analogy: A comparison of dissimilar things or ideas Simile: uses the words “like” or “as” to compare to dissimilar things Metaphor: compares 2 or more different things by stating or implying that one thing is another. Personification: gives human characteristics to an animal, object or idea. Double Entendre: a word or phrase with multiple meanings

Examples Analogy: When life gives you lemons, make lemonade. Simile: My cold was like the plague. Metaphor: The sky is melting. Personification: The humble dog sat patiently. Double Entendre: She’s on fire tonight.

Word Order Repetition of Sound Patterns Alliteration: consonant sounds at the beginnings of words Consonance: consonant sounds within or at the ends of words Assonance: vowels within non-rhyming words Sibilance: hissing sounds Rhyme: repetition of the same stressed vowel sound and any succeeding sounds in 2+ words Rhyme scheme: pattern of rhyme formed by the end rhyme Internal rhyme: occurs within lines of poetry End rhyme: occurs at the ends of lines Inversion: word order is played with to fit a rhyme scheme or place stress in a different place

Examples Alliteration: a dark drum in the desert Consonance: harder, better, faster, stronger Assonance: sitting in this stick pile Sibilance: she sells seashells Internal rhyme: the park is dark End rhyme: We go to the store/to buy some more Inversion: “Your father he is.” - Yoda

Poetic Styles Acrostic Ballad Elegy Epic First letter of lines spell a hidden message Ballad Song with a dramatic conclusion; often sad Elegy Written in response to a death Epic Long narrative telling the story of a hero

Poetic Styles Haiku Limerick Pastoral Sonnet 5-7-5 form Nature is a common theme Limerick Nonsense, children’s rhyme 5 lines; aabba rhyme scheme Pastoral Nature is a central theme Sonnet 14 lines Iambic pentameter

Miscellaneous Speaker Imagery Figure of Speech Onomatopoeia the voice that communicates with the reader can be a person, place, animal, or a thing Imagery descriptive language used to represent objects, feelings, and thoughts often appeals to one, or more, of the 5 senses Figure of Speech word or expression not meant to be taken literally Onomatopoeia word or phrase that imitates a sound.

Group Work Pair up with 2 o’clock partner Inversion Figure of Speech Create examples of these 5 poetic terms Inversion Figure of Speech Consonance Personification Simile