The Constitution.

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Presentation transcript:

The Constitution

Definitions Popular Sovereignty: Political authority belongs to the people Federalism: Sharing of power between a central and state governments

Definitions Checks and Balances: Keeps any one of the branches of the government from gaining too much power

Constitution Why did the delegates meet for the Constitutional Convention? Wanted to make needed changes to the Articles of Confederation

Constitutional Convention WhERE: Philadelphia State House (Independence Hall) WhEN: Summer of 1787

Constitutional Convention Who: 55 Total delegates/ 12 States (No RI) James Madison (Note Taker) Edmund Randolph (Virginia Plan) William Patterson (NJ Plan) George Washington (President)

Constitutional Convention Who: Gouverneur Morris (Against 3/5 Plan) George mason (Stop slave trade) John Rutledge (Proslavery) Ben Franklin (Oldest)

Constitutional Convention Goal: Delegates planned on discussing ways to improve the Articles of Confederation. Some wanted to make small changes and others wanted to rewrite it completely

Constitution What were the main issues debated and the compromises reached at the Constitutional Convention? 3 Answers (Compromises) 1. Small and large states were concerned about representation (the great compromise)

Constitutional Convention Events/ Problems Virginia Plan (Large States): 3 Branches Bicameral Legislative (2 Houses) Chosen by population Strong central government

Constitutional Convention Events/Problems: NJ Plan (Small States): Unicameral (1 House) Chosen by equal number Central government has power to tax

Constitutional Convention Resolutions/Compromises 1. Great Compromise: Combined VA and NJ Plans 2 House Legislature Upper House (Senate) based on equal power (2 per State) Lower House (Rep’s) based on state population

constitution What were the main issues debated and the compromises reached at the constitutional convention? 2. Slavery counting as population

Constitution What were the main issues debated and the compromises reached at the Constitutional Convention? 3. Slave Trade

Constitutional Convention Events/Problems: Whether to count slaves as part of a state’s population (North V South) Should slave trade continue

Constitutional Convention Resolutions/Compromises 2. 3/5 Compromise: Slaves count as 3/5 of a person Important for House of Representatives

Constitutional Convention Resolutions/Compromises 3. Slave Trade: Will continue for at least 20 years

Constitution How is the Federal Government balanced under the U.S. Constitution? System of Checks and Balances keeps POWER divided

Definitions Executive Branch: President & Departments Carries out the Laws

Definitions Legislative Branch: Upper: Senate- 2 per State Lower: House of Representatives- Based on Population Propose and pass laws

Definitions Judicial Branch: National Courts Interprets laws/Punishments/Settle state disputes

Constitution Executive: Veto power over congress Legislative: Override veto’s with 2/3 majority Judicial: Can review passed laws and do away with laws that are unconstitutional

Constitutional Convention Why it matters? New constitution would provide a very strong central government while allowing states to handle laws not covered by national government. Made sure each branch of government would be “checked.”