The Progressive Movement Ch 5 Notes The Progressive Movement

Progressive Origins Was a reaction to Laissez-Faire economics, and problems in American Society Too much poverty, crime, corruption Not tightly organized, but a lot of different people and views

Strong faith in science and technology Make society and industry much more efficient They have always benefited people, so why couldn’t it fix society? Some pushed socialism (government owns businesses) Pushed for Health and safety codes Wisconsin was the “laboratory of democracy”

Triangle Shirtwaist Factory

The Muckrakers Upton Sinclair: The Jungle (1906) Meat Packing industry Ida Tarbell for McClure’s Mag. Exposes Standard Oil Jacob Riis: plight of the immigrant in NYC Lincoln Steffens: Political corruption

Chicago Meat-packing Plant 1919

Government Changes Managing a city should be done by experts Commission Plan Committees led by an expert in each field Recall (remove from office) Referendum (Proposed law to be voted on by citizens) Initiative (Law originated by citizens)

New Amendments 16th : income tax (1913) 17th : Direct election of senators (1913) 18th : Prohibition (1919) Volstead Act 19th : Women’s suffrage (1920) NAWSA (Alice Paul)

Prohibition enforcement

Women’s Suffrage

Susan B. Anthony

Elizabeth Cady Stanton

Carrie Chapman Catt

Alice Paul

T. Roosevelt as President Was a social darwinist in foreign affairs Committed progressive in domestic affairs

Cowboy Teddy

Felt large corporations had responsibility to consider public welfare. Felt most trust were good for the economy “Trustbuster” Broke up “bad trusts” left good trusts alone Northern Securities company

Sets up the Bureau of corporations Department of Commerce & Labor Helps end the Mine workers strike of 1902 Felt they were only after own interests not the public good.

Began major conservation movement Hepburn Act 1903 Strengthens the Interstate Commerce Commission Began major conservation movement Yosemite Presidency/government gained power during T.R.’s terms

William Taft

As President Slow and plodding Main issue: Tariff Warned by TR to stay away from tariffs or split the party. Wanted a lower tariff, signed a higher one. Payne –Aldrich Act

Joe Cannon

Victories 16th Amendment Broke up more trusts than TR did 8 hr. workday for federal employees Cleans up congressional campaigns

New Mexico and Arizona become states

1912 Election TR infuriated with Taft for failing to live up to progressive ideas Roosevelt runs against him for nomination Taft gets nomination, TR starts own party. (Reps split)

Woodrow Wilson Thomas Woodrow Wilson Very intelligent, perfectionist Strong willed, intelligent No charm, came across snobby Gave message to Congress in person Platform called The New Freedom

Strong willed, intelligent Gave message to Congress in person No charm, came across snobby Gave message to Congress in person Underwood Tariff passed (1913) Lowers tariff and included an income tax Felt this would improve products and lower prices

Federal Trade commission Work with big business instead of breaking them up Child Labor laws passed Clayton Anti-trust Act Covers loopholes in Sherman Act

Federal Reserve System

Progressive legacy Government expands role in society Did not help everyone equally Minorities get little help. NAACP created National Association for the Advancement of Colored People

W.E.B DuBois