LAN 405 Beginning Hebrew II *Photo from https://www.flickr.com/photos/58558794@N07/7628799526/in/photostream/ Class VIII: Piel – Strong Verbs (ch. 26) Dr. Esa Autero

Piel Stem – Strong Verbs 1.1 Introduction to Piel stem Piel stem occurs 6,473x in Hb. In pf. 2,120x & impf. 2,446x Imp. 436x & inf. cst. 708x; inf. abs. 84x 679x in participle Piel stem – diagnostic points Vocal Shewa under all imperfect and participle preformatives & prefixes Pathach under the 1st root consonant (except in Perfect) Daghesh Forte in the 2nd root consonant of every form Photo: https://www.flickr.com/photos/kjfnjy/5248545727/in/photostream/

Piel Stem – Strong Verbs 2.1 The meaning of piel stem 1) Intensive piel Intensive action in active voice Simple action of Qal stem will take on a some type of intensive action in piel שָׁבַר “he broke” (Qal)  שִׁבֵּר “he smashed” (piel) Photo: https://www.flickr.com/photos/kjfnjy/5248545727/in/photostream/

Piel Stem – Strong Verbs 2) Factitive piel Factitive piel makes intransitive Qal verb transitive Intransitive = doesn’t take a direct object Transitive = takes a direct object Qal (instransitive) Factitive piel (transitive) קָדַשׁ To be holy קִדַּשׁ To sanctify אָבַד To perish אִבַּד To destroy טָמֵא To be unclean טִמֵּא To defile Photo: https://www.flickr.com/photos/kjfnjy/5248545727/in/photostream/

Piel Stem – Strong Verbs 3) Denominative piel Verbs derived from a noun or adjective often piel (not Qal) Noun Denominative piel דָּבָר Word דִּבֵּר To speak כֹּהֵן Priest כִּהֵן To serve as priest עָפָר dust עִפַּר To throw dirt Photo: https://www.flickr.com/photos/kjfnjy/5248545727/in/photostream/

Piel Stem – Strong Verbs 4) Iterative piel Iterative piel expresses repeated action Esp. with verbs expressing physical movement, effort, or voice projection Qal Iterative piel הָלַךְ Go, walk הִלֵּךְ To pace, walk around צָעַק To cry צֵעֵק Weep over & over; keep crying Photo: https://www.flickr.com/photos/kjfnjy/5248545727/in/photostream/

Piel Stem – Strong Verbs Qal Niphal Translation 3ms קָטַל קִטֵּל He slaughtered 3fs קָֽטְלָה קִטְּלָה She slaughtered 2ms קָטַלְתָּ קִטַּלְתָּ You slaughtered 2fs קָטַלְתְּ קִטַּלְתְּ 1cs קָטַלְתִּי קִטַּלְתִּי I slaughtered 3cp קָֽטְלוּ קִטְּלוּ They slaughtered 2mp קְטַלְתֶּם קִטַּלְתֶּם 2fp קְטַלְתֶּן קִטַּלְתֶּן 1cp קָטַלְנוּ קִטַּלְנוּ We slaughtered Piel perfect Hireq under 1st root consonant Daghesh Forte in 2nd root consonant Piel perfect קִטֵּל

Piel Stem – Strong Verbs Qal Piel Translation 3ms יִקְטֹל יְקַטֵּל He will slaughter 3fs תִּקְטֹל תְּקַטֵּל She will slaughter 2ms תִּקְטֹל You will slaughter 2fs תִּקְטְלִי תְּקַטְּלִי 1cs אֶקְטֹל אֲקַטֵּל I will slaughter 3mp יִקְטְלוּ יְקַטְּלוּ They will slaughter 3fp תִּקְטֹלנָה תְּקַטֵּלְנָה 2mp תִּקְטְלוּ תְּקַטְּלוּ 2fp 1cp נִקְטֹל נְקַטֵּל We will slaughter Piel imperfect Vocal Shewa under preformative Pathach under 1st consonant Daghesh Forte in the 2nd consonant Piel imperfect יְקַטֵּל

Piel Stem – Strong Verbs 2.2 Piel imperative and Infinitive (Cst. + Abs.) Two diagnostic features Pathach under 1st consoant Daghesh Forte in the 2nd consonant Piel imperative – derivable from impf. forms Piel imp. + inf. קַטֵּל Piel impf. Piel imp. Translation 2ms תְּקַטֵּל קַטֵּל (you) slaughter! 2fs תְּקַטְּלִי קַטְּלִי 2mp תְּקַטְּלוּ קַטְּלוּ 2fp תְּקַטֵּלְנָה קַטֵּלְנָה

Piel Stem – Strong Verbs Piel infinitive construct and absolute Identical to 2ms of Piel imperative Qal and Niphal forms of infinitive absolute usually exhibit an o-class stem vowel, Holem or Holem Waw. In piel, hiphil, and hithpael stems, an e-class stem vowel is present – usually Tsere (but sometimes Tsere Yod or Seghol) Qal Piel Translation קְטֹל קַטֵּל To slaughter, slaughtering

Piel Stem – Strong Verbs Piel Participle Formed with prefix מְ – similar diagnostics as piel impf. מְ prefix. A מprefix will characterize the participles of Pual, Hiphil, and Hophal stems. Appears w/ vocal Shewa מְ Pathach under 1st consonant Daghesh Forte in the 2nd consonant Qal Piel Translation ms קֹטֵל מְקַטֵּל Slaughtering fs קֹטֶלֶת מְקַטֶּלֶת mp קֹטְלִים מְקַטְּלִים fp קֹטְלוֹת מְקַטְּלוֹת מְקַטֵּל

Piel Stem – Strong Verbs Piel Stem – Strong Verb Summary Perfect Imperfect Imperative Infinitive construct Infinitive absolute Participle קִטֵּל יְקַטֵּל קַטֵּל מְקַטֵּל

Piel Stem – Strong Verbs Practice Workbook p. 211, no: 1-5 p. 213, no: 1-5 Homework Workbook: “Bible Translation”, p. 214, no: 1. Quizz VI on vocabulary, ch. 26 *Photo: https://www.flickr.com/photos/kjfnjy/5248545727/in/photostream/