French and English Collide The “French and Indian War”, the colonial part of the “Seven Years War” that ravaged Europe from 1756 to 1763.

The war was the product of a clash between the French and English over colonial territory and wealth. In North America, the war can also be seen as a product of the local rivalry between British and French colonists.

Tensions between the British and French in America had been getting worse for some time, as each side wanted to gain more land. In the 1740s, both England and France traded for furs with the Native Americans in the Ohio Country. By the 1750s, English colonists, especially the investors in the Ohio Company, also hoped to convert the wilderness into good farmland. Each side tried to keep the other out of the Ohio Country. In the early 1750s, French soldiers captured several English trading posts and built Fort Duquense (now called Pittsburgh) to defend their territory from English incursions.

Causes of the France and Indian War Dispute over land claims of the British and the French French had set up trading posts British Charter stated the Colonies went from “coast to coast”

Albany Conference Led by Benjamin Franklin in attempt to unite Native Americans and Colonists Up to this point the 13 colonies were largely independent of each other

French and Indian War (1754 – 1763) The War to control N. America VS. After many attempts to capture the French Fort Duquesne (In Ohio River Valley), the British finally succeeded 2) The final blow came in Quebec, Canada when the French were defeated

Key People George Washington-Lit the spark that began the French and Indian War (Learned many valuable lessons about warfare) Major-General Edward Braddock -Expected a quick victory over the French and Indians using traditional military techniques William Johnson-persuaded the Iroquois to be British allies William Pitt-Created plan to cut off French from their supply line. Major-General Jeffrey Amherst-Led the British to victory—hated colonist

The Treaty of Paris, 1763 1) Britain got control over all of Canada, and land EAST of the Mississippi River in the U.S. 2) Britain also got Florida from Spain, who was France’s Ally 3) This War was very costly to Britain

Tensions begin to rise between England and the Colonies 1) New taxes on legal documents (the “Stamp Act”), tea, and sugar, to pay costs of the war.

Tensions begin to rise between England and the Colonies 2) Taxes were also needed to maintain British troops throughout all of its’ colonies

The Proclamation of 1763 1) Ottawa Native Americans were angry that French were defeated by British 2) They had traded peacefully with the French, they began attacking the British in the Mississippi River Valley

The Proclamation of 1763 3) The British responded with the Proclamation of 1763 which prohibited settlement west of the Appalachian Mountains 4) Colonists were angered by this control over settlement