John Adams 1797-1801, Federalist, Massachusetts Two major events The XYZ Affair The Alien and Sedition Acts

XYZ Affair France has been harassing U.S. shipping Adams sends diplomats to resolve the problem French agents were nicknamed X, Y, and Z refused to meet with American diplomats unless a bribe is paid Extremely insulting - Hamilton and Federalists demand war! Adams avoids the war, but loses popularity in his own party

Thursday January 12th 2017 Pick up your spirals/folders from the front, take out a pen/pencil, and your bellwork. We will take notes over Adams/Jefferson and answer some questions. Bellwork due tomorrow!!!! Bellwork: Why did the XYZ affair anger Americans?

Alien and Sedition Acts Democratic-Republicans heavily criticize Adams in the newspapers Adams and Federalists are worried about immigrants being French spies Also, most immigrants tended to join the Democratic-Republicans Adams and Congress pass Alien and Sedition Acts to silence their opponents Increased waiting time to become a citizen from 5 to 14 years President can arrest aliens in time of war Outlawed Sedition: the act of criticizing the government Very unpopular (and unconstitutional) – Adams not reelected

Thomas Jefferson 1801-1809 Democratic-Republican From Virginia

Election of 1800 Thomas Jefferson & Aaron Burr tie (73 electoral votes) House of Reps has to break tie (7 days and 36 votes) Jefferson defeats Adams Peaceful transition of power from one party to another! 12th Amendment – changed the process for choosing the vice-president Leads to “running mates” (both from same party) Aaron Burr

Marbury vs. Madison - 1803 Marbury sues Madison over his job Goes to Supreme court and Chief Justice John Marshall Federalist judge; strengthens federal government with decisions Ruling: the law Marbury sued under is unconstitutional Established the power of Judicial Review Supreme Court now has the power to nullify laws passed by congress and approved by the president James Madison William Marbury John Marshall

The Louisiana Purchase - 1803

Louisiana Purchase - 1803 Land owned by Napoleon, Emperor of France Desperate for money he offers to sell it all for $15 million Jefferson wants more farmland for Americans Jefferson believes in strict interpretation Constitution doesn’t allow president to purchase land Senate authorized the purchase in 1803 Doubled the size of the U.S. Gained port city of New Orleans Napoleon – Emperor of France

Friday! January 13th 2017 Pick up your spirals/folders, take out a pen/pencil and your bellwork. We will finish notes, watch a video over Jefferson, and then a Lewis and Clark code activity. Bellwork due today. Bellwork: What power did Marbury vs. Madison establish? What can this power do?

Lewis and Clark Expedition William Clark and Meriwether Lewis Sent by Jefferson to explore new territory Followed Missouri and Columbia Rivers Objective: Explore, map, and claim the new territory Helped by Sacagawea Young Native American woman that helped them survive

Jefferson: Foreign Policy Napoleonic Wars: France and Britain Jefferson upholds the policy neutrality British Navy begin “impressing” U.S. sailors Embargo Act of 1807 Closed all U.S. ports to international trade Attempt to keep America out of European wars Backfired: badly hurt U.S. economy Contradicted Jefferson’s belief in limited government

The First 3 Presidents Challenges Foreign policy Political parties Whiskey Rebellion Farewell Address XYZ Affair Alien & Sedition Acts Election of 1800 Marbury vs. Madison Louisiana Purchase Embargo Act of 1807