15.3 Eastern City-States & Southern Empires

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Presentation transcript:

15.3 Eastern City-States & Southern Empires

Setting the Stage 300s: Kingdom of Aksum establishes trade with Arabia, Rome, India Christian kingdom 600s: Muslims gain control of Arabia, North Africa & the Red Sea End of Aksum’s sea trade Cities along the east coast flourish through trade across the Indian Ocean

East Coast Trade 1100: Bantu peoples establish farming & fishing villages Towns grow by trading with Muslim, Persian, & Indian traders Traders settle in villages = creation of Swahili language Bantu + Arabic Trade: Manufactured Goods (Asia)   Raw Materials (Africa)

Kilwa Rich city-state built on Indian Ocean trade High class society with ivory, porcelain, silk, gold & silver Located at southern end of monsoonal winds from India = Riches – WHY? Late 1200s: Kilwa conquers Sofala = control of gold trade

Portuguese Conquest 1488: Portuguese round tip of Africa Wanted to profit from spice & silk trade of Asia Trade with East African states = big profits Use cannons to conquer Africa states = control of trade Establish forts to protect trade routes

Islamic Influences Introduced by Muslim traders Growth in trade = spread of religion Mosques built in most towns Most rulers convert to Islam Majority of people maintain traditional beliefs

Enslavement Muslim merchants trade luxury goods & slaves with East Africa Small amounts (~1k/yr until the 1700s) Slaves supplied through kidnapping Arabia: Domestic chores India: Soldiers China: Servants Ports: Dock & Ship workers

Slave Trade

Great Zimbabwe Empire founded on the trade of gold & taxation of merchants Located a fertile plateau b/w the Zambezi & Limpopo rivers Linked goldfields to coastal trading cities By 1450, Great Zimbabwe disappears – unknown reasons Impressive ruins remain

Great Zimbabwe

Mutapa Empire Legend: Mutota founds state in a fertile valley while looking for salt Mutota conquers the Shona w/ powerful army & forces tribute Empire spanned Zimbabwe to Indian Ocean Forced conquered peoples to mine gold Exchange gold for luxury goods 1500s: Portuguese influence the empire Install favorable ruler

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