1. Trading States of East Africa
Chapter 10
Section 2

2. Key Terms
Ezana
Ge’ez
Lalibela
Swahili

3. Aksum and Ethiopia Grew in 1st century Located present day Ethiopia
Askum controlled the Red Sea
Most powerful kingdom in East Africa

4. The Rise of Askum Descendants from Arabia Two main cities
Adulis
Kingdom from Ethiopian Highlands to the Red Sea
Well suited for agriculture

5. The Rise of Askum Ideal for trade Access to Indian Ocean
Attracted traders from Africa’s interior
India, Persia, Egypt
Brought gold, frankincense, ivory, enslaved Africans
Exchanged goods for cloth and spices

6. Askum at its Height Wealthy Strong military power
King Ezana- 320 reached its height
Collected tribute from other leaders
Attacked and defeated Kush
Askum greatest power in East Africa

7. Culture of Askum Diverse culture 300’s Christianity
Stelae- stone monument with Erzana’s promise
Ge’ez- the written and spoken language of Askum
One of first written languages

8. Culture of Askum Still used in Ethiopian ceremonies
First to mint own coins

9. The Decline of Askum 600’s Askum declines
Area became Muslim and Christian
Muslims destroyed Adulis
Helped shape Ethiopian history

10. Ethiopia 1100’s Ethiopia is established
Zagwe dynasty King Lalibela- ruled during 1200’2
Built 11 stone Christian churches
Carved out of solid rock
Christianity unified Ethiopians

11. Ethiopia 1270 second dynasty of Christians “Glory of the Kings”
Claimed to be descendants of Hebrew King Solomon and Queen of Sheba
Solomonid Dynasty
Fought religious wars
Ruled for 700 years to 1974

12. Ethiopia Jews called Beta Jews lived there
1400 Christian Kings fought Beta Jews
Muslim Arabs called Kingdom of Adal
1300’s Muslim and Christian came into conflict

13. Coastal City-States East coast drew traders
Indian Ocean and Monsoons winds
Blew from India to Africa between November and March
April to October they reverse
Zanj- eastern Africa

14. Coastal City-States Mogadishu, Mombasa, Kilwa, and Sofala
Linked oversea traders with interior Africa
Africa traded raw materials for other goods
Ivory highly prized
Gold from southern Africa

15. Coastal City-States Enslaved Africans from the interior are sold
Sent to Asia as domestic servants
Would increase after Europeans
Reached peak
Kilwa’s power increased because of trade

16. Swahili Muslim, Arabs, Asians settled in the city-states
Groups intermarried
Swahili-blending of Bantu and Arab words
Islam gained a hold on coastal states
Mosques appeared in towns

17. Great Zimbabwe Shoana people 1100’s Great Zimbabwe
Limpopo and Zambezi Rivers
Now part of Zimbabwe
Lay along trade routes
Interior mines to city-states on the coast

18. The Great Enclosure Zimbabwe means stone houses
Great enclosures-35 feet high 180 feet long
No mortar
Used as astronomical observatory

19. The Mutapa Empire Great Zimbawe had 18,000 people
1400’s abandoned the area
1500’s in ruins
Mutupa Empire
Based on oral tradition
Mutota founder

20. The Mutapa Empire 1400’s gained control of surrounding territory
Called master pillager
Mwene Mutapa
1500 controlled Zimbabwe
Exported gold
Controlled trade through its territory