Photosynthesis/Respiration Video Cell Energy Packet 5

Photosynthesis

Photosynthesis Definition – Equation – (carbon dioxide) (water) (glucose) (oxygen) CONVERTING SUN’S ENERGY INTO FOOD ENERGY (GLUCOSE) CO2 + H20 + LIGHT C6H12O6 + O2 Photosynthesis

2 Steps of Photosynthesis CO2 O2 Goal of the Light Dependent reaction: __________________________________________________ Goal of the Light Independent reaction: _____________________ Make energy (ATP) to power the Calvin cycle Make glucose

Thylakoid – individual discs 4. Location - 5. Chloroplast Structure:   CHLOROPLAST Thylakoid – individual discs O2 LIGHT + H2O ATP Dark Rx Grana – entire stack Stroma – white space 6. How do plants absorb light? Notice the stacks inside of the chloroplast. These stacks absorb sunlight. This arrangement increases the amount of ________________________ to absorb as much sunlight as possible. SURFACE AREA

Pigments PIGMENTS ABSORB REFLECT REFLECTS GREEN PHOTOSYNTHESIS Plants contain _____________________ that _______________ some wavelengths of light and ________________ others. ABSORB REFLECT For example, if a plant appears red, the plant ________________ this color. ______________________ is one of the most abundant pigments in a plant which absorbs the red and blue colors of the spectrum and reflects ________________ which is what makes plants appear green. The light plants absorb is used to undergo __________________________. REFLECTS CHLOROPHYLL GREEN PHOTOSYNTHESIS

Photosynthesis BrainPop CR Clip Photosynthesis Rap

Cellular Respiration

Cellular Respiration Definition – Analogy: glucose is like a , ATP is like the process of converting chemical energy (glucose) into useable energy (ATP) check cash Cellular Respiration Animation

Location: Notice the highly folded inner membrane. These folds increase the amount of so lots of ATP can be made. MITOCHONDRIA SURFACE AREA

3. 2 Types Cellular Respiration: (Best Option) ____________________________ Respiration If ___________________ is present, the cell may continue ATP production by going through aerobic respiration. Aerobic Respiration is most commonly used and preferred because much more ATP can be produced. The equation for aerobic respiration is: _________ + _________  ________ + _______ + ___ATP AEROBIC OXYGEN C6H12O6 O2 CO2 H20 36 GLUCOSE OXYGEN CARBON WATER DIOXIDE

3 Steps of Aerobic Respiration 2 ATP O2 Pyruvate 36 ATP 32 ATP 4 ATP (net 2) H2O CO2 2 ATP

2. (Other option) Respiration When is NOT present, also called . Two types of fermentation 1. ________________________ Fermentation occurs in yeast. Equation: __________ ________ + _____ + ____ ATP These ingredients are used to make many foods: In _______________, yeast releases _____________________ - which is what adds holes or air bubbles to your bread The alcohol produced by yeast is utilized in ________________. ANAEROBIC OXYGEN FERMENTATION ALCOHOLIC C6H1206 ETHANOL CO2 2 BAKING CARBON DIOXIDE BREWING Cheeseburger Chemistry

Lactic Acid Fermentation - occurs in cells when they run out of . Equation: ______________ __________________ + _____ ATP When you are exercising really hard your muscles use up their ATP and oxygen sot the muscle cells begin to produce ATP through lactic acid fermentation. _________________ is the product, which builds up in your muscles. This can create a painful burning sensation which you may feel during intense exercise. MUSCLE OXYGEN C6H12O6 LACTIC ACID 2 LACTIC ACID Respiration Song

Structure of ATP & ADP: PHOSPHATES RELEASED   ADENOSINE TRIPHOSPHATE - (ATP) ADENOSINE DIPHOSPHATE – (ADP) Energy is stored in the bonds between the , when the bonds break energy is to power chemical reactions, your cells and ultimately your body. energy Nitrogen base Nitrogen base Sugar Sugar PHOSPHATES RELEASED

The goal of cellular respiration is to take ADP and create ATP by adding on a . PHOSPHATE

Photosynthesis vs. Respiration in Eukaryotes: Cellular Respiration Organelle where it occurs CHLOROPLASTS MITOCHONDRIA Types of cells: all, plant, animal, etc. PLANT ALL Reactants CO2 + H2O + light C6H12O6 + O2 Products CO2 + H2O + ATP Energy Source light Glucose Energy Result ATP

Cellular Respiration Flow Chart 1 Glucose (C6H12O6) Two 3-carbon molecules 2 ATP ANAEROBIC Respiration a.k.a. FERMENTATION ALCOHOLIC Lactic Acid Without O2 GLYCOLYSIS (BREAK GLUCOSE) With O2 AEROBIC Respiration 38 ATP 2 ATP 2 ATP