1. Photosynthesis and Cellular Respiration
Chapter 8 and 9

2. Topics Big questions – Three topics in this unit ATP
How do you make energy?
How do plants make food?
Three topics in this unit
ATP
Cellular Respiration
Photosynthesis

3. ATP Energy currency of the cell
Adenosine Triphosphate = Adenine and three phosphates

4. ATP ATP holds energy between the phosphate bonds
How do you get the energy out of ATP?

5. ATP
When we take the phosphate off the molecules becomes ADP – Adenosine diphosphate
How do we make ATP?

6. Cellular Respiration

7. Cellular Respiration
Cellular respiration is the process that cells use to make ATP, or energy
So what do we need to make energy?
Food – glucose
Oxygen – We ALWAYS need oxygen

8. Cellular Respiration Glucose + Oxygen =
Carbon dioxide + Water + Energy

9. Cellular Respiration Remember: We need oxygen and food to make energy
We exhale carbon dioxide

10. Cellular Respiration
So now you know what we are starting with, and what we should end with. What about the process?
There are two types of respiration
Aerobic – Requires oxygen
Anaerobic – does not require oxygen
Do you think you make more energy with or without oxygen?

11. Cellular Respiration There are three steps to cellular respiration
Glycolysis
Krebs cycle
Electron transport chain

12. Glycolysis Does not require oxygen (anaerobic) In the cytoplasm
1 molecule of glucose + 2 ATP = 4 ATP
Net production of 2 ATP (made 4 but used two)

13. Krebs Cycle Requires oxygen (aerobic) In the mitochondria
Produces two more ATP
Total of 4 ATP so far…

14. Electron Transport Chain
Requires oxygen (aerobic)
Passing of electrons by proteins
In the mitochondria, on the inner membrane
Makes 34 ATP!!!

15. Cellular Respiration What happens when we don’t have oxygen?
Fermentation!
Lactic Acid – happens in animal cells, produces lactic acid
Alcoholic Fermentation – happens in yeast cells, produces ethanol and carbon dioxide

16. Photosynthesis

17. Photosynthesis
Photosynthesis is the process that plants use to turn light energy into food
What do plants need?
Photosynthesis equation
Light + CO2 + H2O O2 + Glucose

18. Photosynthesis Where is the plant do you think this occurs?
Leaves
Where in the leaf does this occur?
Palisade mesophyll
Where in the cell does this occur?
Chloroplast

19. Chlorophyll
Chlorophyll is the substance in the leaf that absorbs the light?
Why is chlorophyll green?
Absorbs all colors except green
Reflects the color green

20. Photosynthesis Light reaction (light dependent)
Requires light
In the thylakoid
Light energy is used to make ATP
Dark reaction (light independent)
Does not require light
In the stoma
ATP is used to convert CO2 to sugar

22. Photosynthesis and Respiration
How are photosynthesis and cellular respiration connected?
Light + CO2 + H2O O2 + Glucose
Glucose +O CO2 + H2O + ATP