Bellringer February 13, 2012 Grab your clicker Take out your Chapter 12 Notes Guide Take out a writing utensil

Chapter 12, Section 4: The Ming Dynasty February 13, 2012

Objective Today we will be learning about how the Ming Dynasty strengthen government and backed trade voyages.

The Rise of the Ming *1368 – Zhu Yuanzhang becomes emperor, set up capital in Nanjing *Ming = “Brilliant” dynasty

The Rise of the Ming *Hong Wu – Zhu changed his name. Meant “Military Emperor” *Brought back order *Trusted no one – killed anyone suspected of treason (disloyalty to the gov’t) Ruled – 30 yrs.

The Rise of the Ming *1398 – Yong Le – Hong Wu’s son became emperor *Show of power – had to work hard to prove he was powerful *Moved capital to Beijing

The Rise of the Ming Imperial City – large area of palaces and gov’t buildings *Forbidden City – home to China’s emperors *Palace had thousands of rooms Virtual tour of the Forbidden City

Ming Reforms *Restored Civil Service Exams and made even harder! *Census – count of the # of people. Helped w/tax collection *Hong Wu’s orders – canals & farms destroyed by Mongols rebuilt

Ming Reforms *Agriculture- thrived due to new lands *Industry – repaired and expansion to the Grand Canal allowed for goods to be shipped.

Chinese Culture Wanted to learn more, be entertained *Entertainment – dramas, spoken words, songs and dances, costumes, and symbolic gestures. *Novels – long fictional stories.

Zheng He Ming leaders -Curious about the outside world *Reasons – trade, show off power, demand tribute from weak kingdoms. *Zheng He – Chinese Muslim explorer, friend to Emperor Yong Le *Exported: Silk, paper, porcelain *Imported: Silver, spices, wood, & animals

Zheng He *Officials complained the trips cost too much, brought outside ideas, and made merchants rich. *Confucius – place loyalty of society above their own desires. Chinese merchants – disobeyed by being successful *Voyages stopped after His death *Ship building tech was lost within 50 years

Europeans Arrive in China *1514 – fleet from Portugal arrived, wanted to set up trade relations with the Chinese *The Chinese thought they were barbarians Uncivilized people *Port of Macao- opened by 1600- allowed Portuguese to set up a trading post here in s. China

Europeans Arrive in China *European influence – were restricted but did not stop Christian missionaries from traveling to China *Jesuits – special group of Roman Catholic priest – highly educated Impressed the Chinese with scientific knowledge Brought clocks, eyeglasses, scientific instruments *Did not convert too many to Christianity

Fall of the Ming Dynasty *Power – emperors gathered too much power Officials did not want to make improvements *Greed- officials took over, placed heavy taxes on peasants – they revolted

Fall of the Ming Dynasty *1644 – Manchu from Manchuria defeated the Chinese army Captured Beijing – set up a new dynasty