1. Ming and Qing Dynasties
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2. Definition
Class Definition: a large area of land that is made up of many territories with diverse cultures and is run by one strong ruling body that also has a stable military
large area of land: covered most of China
many territories: army conquered many cities
diverse cultures: Traditional Chinese, Mongol, new Ming ideas
one strong ruling body: The Ming used a bureaucracy to rule
stable military: conquered Mongol dynasty to start Ming Dynasty

3. Origins and Expansion Origins
the Yuan Dynasty had lost the Mandate of Heaven, Zhu Yuanzhang’s army took over the dynasty, making it into the Ming Dynasty
Ming Dynasty lost the Mandate of Heaven, Manchus conquered the lands to establish the Qing Dynasty
Expansion
Sea Voyages
Zheng He sea voyages to spread knowledge of Ming power
Southeast Asia, Arabia, India, and Africa
Kangxi & Qianlong
strong rulers
peace and prosperity to China
strong army conquered lands

4. Golden Ages Qing Dynasty Ming Dynasty
The Golden Age of the Ming and Qing Dynasties lasted for 133 years and is known as “The Golden Age of Three Emperors.” It lasted from
Emperor Kangxi was the first of the three
restored agriculture
lightened burdens of farmers
Emperor Yongzheng was the second
reduced tax burden of farmers
strengthened central government control
Emperor Qianlong was the third emperor
developed economy quickly
population increase
Qing Dynasty
Ming Dynasty

5. Organization-Government
The Ming and Qing’s Government has and Emperor, the emperor is on the top, the tax system distributed land to Chinese peasants.
The Ming dynasty made the people take the civil service exam to prove themselves of being officials and worth of the government.

6. Organization-Economy
Qing
dependence on overseas trading increased
marketing growth and expansion
established a Trade Balance with the West
reduced tax burden
Grand Canal built more efficiently
rulers limited trading licenses of wealthy merchants to prevent them from gaining too much power
Ming
feudalism started to decline, capitalism started to form
agriculture bloomed
handicraft and porcelain industries
promoted urbanization and a market economy
trade with Europe and America for luxury goods
commercial metropolises formed
Beijing, Nanjing
later policy of restraining commerce hampered commercial development

7. life of society
china was not very caring for religions other than the three religions [confucianism + daoism + tibetan lamaism] , so when islam was spread in china, it wasnt cared for and was insignificant. christianity was accepted bc it was modified for chinese customs and their not believing in immaterial substances. christianity fell when the kangxi emperor decided the jesuits couldnt obey orders from rome, causing conflict and dissolving the jesuit order worldwide.
Information on your empire’s society. Was it accepting of other religions, cultures, and ethnicities? Did they treat these people any different than how they treated their own people?
the ming emperor revived chinese traditions and rule. china was purposefully isolated so not many people from outside of china lived in china.
the ming emperor revived chinese traditions and rule. china was purposefully isolated so not many people from outside of china lived in china.

8. Timeline Ming and Qing Dynasties (1368-1911) LEGEND
Ottoman Empire ( )
Mughal Empire ( )
Ming and Qing Dynasties ( )
Tokugawa Empire ( )
Russian Empire ( )

9. Decline
The Ming dynasty lasted for nearly 3 centuries, however, in the early 1600’s the Ming dynasty became weak and corrupt. Famines and rebellions broke out, the ming dynasty had lost their mandate of heaven, Manchu invaders from the north stormed in and took over the empire with gunpowder.
The main reasons for the decline of the Qing dynasty was that they officially discouraged trade & only allowed it in limited form, they restricted European traders to the port of Canton. Also, as a result as the economy grew so did the population. Between 1650 & 1800 the population grew from 140 million people to 350 million. China could not sustain such growth forever, they began to experience famine and food shortages, rebellions began to break out and the dynasty fell apart.

10. Bibliography
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Prentice Hall World History Textbook
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