Islamic Empires.

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Presentation transcript:

Islamic Empires

Define Caliph: Title of the highest leader of Islam Tolerance: Acceptance

Define Janissaries: Slave soldiers that converted to Islam and became warriors Shia: Muslims who thought that only Muhammad’s descendants could become caliphs

Define Sunni: Muslims who didn’t think caliphs had to be related to Muhammad

Abu Abu Bakr: - One of Muhammad’s first converts, chosen to succeed Muhammad -First Caliph

Abu Caliph means: Successor 634 AD: Death of Abu Bakr

Arabia Arabia was what?: A unified Muslim state Arabia defeated: Persian Empire Byzantine Empire

Rules Rules for non-muslims: - Could not build new churches in Muslim cities - Could not dress like Muslims -Could practice their own religion

Umayyad Umayyad conquered areas: 1. Syria 2. Central Asia 3. Parts of Northern Africa Berbers: Native people of North Africa

Fight! 711 AD: Arab and Berber army conquer Spain Christians stopped the Muslims where? The city of Tours (France)

Trade Moors: Muslims that were found in Spain Where did Islam Trade: 1. India 2. Africa 3. Southeast Asia

New Products: Africa: Ivory, cloves, and slaves China: Paper, gunpowder, porcelain,and rice India: Cotton & Cloth

Tolerance How did Muslims deal with other religions: Practiced religious tolerance Other religions had to pay taxes Other religions were forbidden from converting anyone to their religion

Develop Trade brought: 1. People together 2. Created wealth Development: Process of growing or improving

Riches 762 AD: Baghdad became the capital of the Islamic Empire How Baghdad became rich: Trade Farming

Cities Baghdad became center of: Culture Learning Cordoba: Largest & most advance city in Europe

Ottomans Leaders: - Suleyman I - “The Magnificent” Mehmed II- - “The Conqueror” - Made Constantinople the capital - Suleyman I - “The Magnificent” - Took control of Eastern Mediterranean and Europe

Ottomans Location: Anatolia (Turkey) and Eastern Europe

Ottomans Religious Policy Preached tolerance Sunnis

Safavids Leaders - Became 1st shah (King) Ismail - Became 1st shah (King) - Made Shia official religion - Abbas: - Trained soldiers to use gunpowder weapons - Reconquered lost land

Safavids Location Persia

Safavids Religious Policy Tried to spread religion Shia

Mughals Leaders Babur Akbar Shah Jahan Established the Mughal Empire Began tolerant religious policy Shah Jahan Built the Taj Mahal

Mughals Location India

Mughals Religious Policy Preached tolerance then changed to strict religious policies