1. Unit 2 Vocabulary

2. The Ottoman Empire
Empire founded in the 13th century by Osman, a Turkish leader, who defeated the Byzantine Empire and took control of Constantinople.
Lasted until Empire ruled for 600 years

3. Sultan
Noble title in Arabic cultures meaning “overlord” or “one with power”

4. Constantinople
Was the Eastern capital city of the Roman Empire until 1453 CE, until Mehmed II of the Ottoman Empire took it over and made it the Ottoman capital.
Known now as Istanbul, Turkey

5. Suleyman the Lawgiver
Ottoman ruler who made the Empire reach its peak size and achieved several cultural and political accomplishments

6. Janissaries
Boys captured from conquered Christian territories who were educated, converted to Islam, and trained as Ottoman soldiers.

7. The Safavid Empire
Shi’ite Empire established in present-day Iran
Made up of several cultures blended together (Persians- also known as Iranians, Ottomans, and Arabs)

8. Cultural Blending
When two or more cultures interact and begin to become share characteristics of the other
Causes are:
Trade
Migration
Pursuit of religious freedom
Conquest

9. Shah
Ancient Persian title meaning ‘King’

10. The Mughal Empire
Muslim Empire that existed in present-day India from
Descended from Muslim Turks and Mongols

11. Taj Mahal
White monument made by a Mughal emperor for his deceased wife
Generally known as one of the most beautiful buildings in the world

12. God, Glory, and Gold
The motivating factors for Europeans to seek new trade routes in Asia from the 12th- 15th century.
Wanted to:
Spread Christianity
Claim lands for themselves, thus become wealthier
Obtain new sources of wealth

13. Vasco da Gama
Portuguese explorer who was the first European to reach India by sea
Brought back several riches from India

14. Treaty of Tordesillas (tor-day-see-yas)
When Spain and Portugal began competing for new lands, they agreed to signing the Treaty of Tordesillas
This created an imaginary line (Line of Demarcation) that gave Spain and Portugal the right to separate lands

15. Dutch East India Company
Several countries at the time were creating East India companies to establish and direct trade throughout Asia
The Dutch East India Company was the richest and most powerful, larger because they largest fleet of ships in the world at that time (20,000 vessels)

16. Ming Dynasty
Under this dynasty, China became the dominant power in Asia ( )
Controlled most of Southeast Asia by collecting taxes from other countries

17. Zheng He Chinese Muslim who led 7 voyages around Asia and Africa
Distributed gifts including silver and silk to show Chinese superiority and gain tribute from those countries

18. Qing Dynasty
Formed by the Manchus (Man- chooz) from Manchuria, who took over the crumbling Ming dynasty.
Continued Chinese isolation that the Ming Dynasty started

19. Tokugawa Shogunate
After years of violence and civil war, Tokugawa Ieyasu unified every Japanese ruler into one centralized government
Allowed for over two centuries of stability, prosperity, and isolation in Japan
Lasted from

20. Isolation Definition:
Having minimal contact with other countries or being far away from other civilizations
Both China and Japan practiced isolation from the 14th-19th centuries