1. OTTOMAN EMPIRE WHEN: Mid 1200’s – 1900’s WHERE: Africa, Asia, Europe Mediterranean – Byzantine Empire Mediterranean – Byzantine Empire WHO: Muslim Turkish Warriors called Ottomans LED BY: Sultan – Ruler 1453 – Mehmed II – The Conqueror – Byzantine Empire 1520 – Sulyman I – The Magnificent – Further into Europe SOCIAL STRUCTURE: 2 Classes 1 – Ruling Class – Muslim Advisors 2 – Everyone else Slave soldiers – Janissaries Slave soldiers – Janissaries RELIGION: Ruling class – Sunni Muslim Christians and Jews lived in millets with their leaders Women were separated into harems. ACCOMPLISHMENTS: Muslim Poets Architects converted Christian churches into mosques

2. SAFAVID EMPIRE WHEN: 1501 - 1700’s WHERE: Persia WHO: Persian Muslims Shias (Shiites) Shias (Shiites) LED BY: Esma’il – conquered Persia “Shah” “Shah” SOCIAL STRUCTURE: Blended Persian and Muslim (tolerant) Persian and Muslim (tolerant) RELIGION: Shiism – ONLY members of Muhammad’s family could become Caliphs. ACCOMPLISHMENTS: Persian rug, silk and velvet, ceramics, steel products, and TRADE!!!! silk and velvet, ceramics, steel products, and TRADE!!!!

3. MUGHAL WHEN: 1526 – 1700’S WHERE: India WHO: Turkish Muslims from Central Asia LED BY: Babur – “Tiger” – 1526 Akbar – mid 1500’s Akbar – mid 1500’s Bad Man – late 1600’s Bad Man – late 1600’s SOCIAL STRUCTURE: Akbar – blended society and government – TOLERANT. Bad guy – intolerant – harsh policies – uprisings. RELIGION: Akbar – no SINGLE religion has all of the answers. Bad man – had to be Muslim. ACCOMPLISHMENTS: Blended Persian, Islamic, and Hindu styles, Taj Mahal