The Later English Colonies Unit 1 The Later English Colonies

Later English Colonies The rest of the colonies were started by “royal families” of the king. They were called proprietary colonies because the owners or proprietors, organized the colonies, controlled the land, and appointed governors. Proprietary colonies-the owners or proprietors, organized the colonies, controlled the land, and appointed its governors.

Question What do you think “royal family” means? Who makes up a part of that royal family? If you were the King or Queen who would you choose? Why?

Maryland Maryland was the first proprietary colony. It was planned by George Calvert, Lord Baltimore, as a refuge for Catholics who, like Puritans, were being persecuted in England. George Calvert a.k.a. Lord Baltimore

George Calvert, Lord Baltimore

The Carolinas In 1663, King Charles II granted the land between Virginia and Spanish Florida to a group of 8 noblemen. He hoped English colonists in the area would keep the Spanish from advancing any farther into North America.(Carolinas) In the Carolinas, the most money was made from the slave trade.

Question What was the slave trade?

North and South Carolina The Carolinas later split into two colonies. (North Carolina and South Carolina). In 1719, angry colonists in the southern part of the colony rebelled against the proprietors, and the king made South Carolina a separate royal colony. In 1729, North Carolina became a royal colony.

The Middle Colonies England drove the Dutch out of New Amsterdam and created New York, New Jersey, Delaware, and Pennsylvania. King Charles II gave New Netherland to his brother, James , the Duke of York. Four proprietary colonies were carved out of the Dutch colony- New Jersey, New York, Delaware, and Pennsylvania.

Question Who are the Dutch? What country do they come from?

New Jersey James, the Duke of York, gave the land between the Hudson River to his friends, Lord John Berkeley and Sir George Carteret. They named the territory New Jersey for Carteret’s home, the isle of Jersey in the English Channel. Lured by rich farmland, some Dutch, Swedes, and Finns had already settled in New Jersey In 1702, New Jersey became a royal colony.

New Jersey Lord John Berkeley Sir George Carteret

Question Have you heard of the name Berkeley and Carteret before? Where did you here of them?

New York James, the Duke of York kept the northern part of New Netherland which he renamed New York. New York City was becoming a major trading center that attracted many different people. The settlers were Dutch, English, Swedes, French, Portuguese, and Africans. New York did not get an elected assembly until 1683.

James , The Duke of York

Question? Why was New York such an ideal place for trade? Is it still a trading center today?

Pennsylvania William Penn started the colony of Pennsylvania. Penn was a Quaker. Quakers were a religious group named because they “quaked” before God. Quakers treated everyone as equals. They saw no need for ministers and refused to pay taxes to the Church of England. Quakers were persecuted in England and Massachusetts. Penn allowed freedom of religion and tried to deal fairly with Indians. Pennsylvania means “Penn’s Woods”.

William Penn

Delaware To give his colony an outlet to sea, Penn obtained land in 1682 from James, the Duke of York. Delaware became separated from Pennsylvania in 1776. Delaware got its name from the Delaware Indians that inhabited the land.

Georgia In 1732, James Oglethorpe got a charter from King George II to found a colony between South Carolina and Spanish Florida. The king named it Georgia after himself. James Oglethorpe founded Georgia as a haven for debtors and a buffer against Spanish Florida. ( prevent the Spanish from moving North),

James Oglethorpe

Question What is a debtor?

Later English Colonies The English colonists brought to America religious, economic, and political ideas that would help shape the early history of the United States.