1. The Middle Colonies Notes
Section 3.4

2. The Middle Colonies New York
1625 founded by the Dutch as New Netherland. Became New York in 1664 when taken over by the Duke of York
New Jersey
1664 part of the land taken from the Dutch given to Sir George Carteret and Lord John Berkeley
Pennsylvania
1681 Land given to William Penn
Delaware
1701 William Penn gave the lower 3 counties of Pennsylvania their own assembly

3. Middle Colonies
Rich Soil and mild winters that made them good for farming
Known as the Bread Basket Colonies
The Hudson and Delaware Rivers made the region good for commerce and shipping
Very ethnically and religiously diverse
Settlers from multiple countries and multiple religions settled in the Middle Colonies

4. New Netherland becomes New York
New Netherland was started by the Dutch West India Company as a fur trading post in 1625
Sweden established New Sweden on the Delaware River in 1638.
The Governor of New Netherland Peter Stuyvesant took it over in 1655
The Dutch created the Patroon system to attract settlers
Any person that brought 50 settlers to New Netherland would received a large land grant with hunting fishing and fur-trading privileges.
Created a social elite because few people could afford to bring so many.

5. New Netherland becomes New York
New Netherland was very tolerant to other groups
Puritans, Quakers, German Lutherans, French Protestants, and Jews all lived there
England saw the Dutch as a threat to their trade in the America
In 1664 Charles II sent his brother James the Duke of York to seize New Netherland.
New Amsterdam (the Capital) surrendered without a fight and was renamed New York
James The Duke of York the largest land holder (Proprietor) in America

6. New Netherlands

7. New Jersey
In 1664 Proprietors Sir George Carteret and Lord John Berkeley received the land for supporting the King Charles II and the Duke of York.
Part of New York
To gain settlers the Proprietors promised
Freedom of Religion
Large Land Grants
Representative Assembly

8. Sir George Carteret and Lord John Berkeley

9. Pennsylvania
William Penn was born into a rich family that had loaned money to Charles II.
To pay off this debt, in 1681 the king gave Penn land that came to be called Pennsylvania.
William Penn was Quaker much to his father’s disapproval.
Penn make Pennsylvania a “Holy Experiment”
It was a place where Quakers and other religions could practice their religion free from persecution
Penn also made the residents respect Native Americans
Pennsylvania would keep church and state separate
There would be no taxes supporting the churches
Quakers valued hard work and thriftiness and as a result it became one of the wealthiest colonies in America

10. William Penn

11. Delaware Originally New Sweden founded in 1638.
Then became part of New Netherland when the Dutch took over
Then became part of New York when the English took over.
Was given to William Penn to pay the debts of Charles II and became Pennsylvania
William Penn granted the three lower counties of Pennsylvania their own assembly in 1701 creating Delaware.

12. Delaware