Enlightenment

Warm up 1st – Find new seats 2nd- Get out homework – goes on notebook page 53 3rd - Pick up your quiz off of my desk and correct the ones you missed. You may use your notes or book. NO TALKING. Put them in the tray when you are finished. 4th -Pick up and complete the Mind Dump from the bookshelf. Put on notebook page 54

Warm Up Pick up 11 flashcards and a bag and label them with the following names/topics Absolute Monarch Louis XIV Frederick The Great Peter the Great Heliocentric Copernicus Newton Galileo Kepler Jenner Harvey

What did these guys write, how did they feel about humans, which of their ideas are in our government

Warm Up- page 54 1. What is an absolute monarch? 2. Who was the Absolute Monarch of France? Where did he live? How did he helped France? How did he hurt France? 3. Who was Frederick the Great? How did he help Prussia? 4. Who was Peter the Great? How did he help Russia? 5. What does Divine Right mean? 6. What was the Scientific Revolution? 7. What did the following scientists contribute to the movement: A. Copernicus D. Kepler B. Newton E. Jenner C. Galileo F. Harvey 8. Describe the difference between the heliocentric and geocentric theories 9. Number your notebook 50-100 10.Study for your quiz

What was the Enlightenment Enlightenment- was an intellectual movement. Enlightenment thinkers tried to apply reason and scientific methods to laws that shaped human actions. They hoped to build a society founded on the ideas of the Scientific Revolution.

Impact of the Enlightenment 1.    Stimulated Religious Tolerance 2.    Fueled Democratic Revolutions around the world 3.    Rise of Individualism- thinking for yourself 4. Rise of a more secular or worldly outlook

Major Players

Thomas Hobbes Wrote Leviathan English philosopher who argues that all humans are naturally wicked. Believed that an absolute monarchy- one that gives all power to a king or queen- is the best form of government. Thought governments were created to protect people from their own selfishness.

John Locke Wrote Two Treatise on Government English philosopher who believed that people have the ability to reason and make good decisions if given proper information. Thought governments should be formed only with the approval of the people governing. Argued that governments should be established to protect individual freedoms and liberties. The people, not god, should choose officials

Montesquieu- Wrote- The Spirit of Laws - French political thinker who believed that a monarchy with limited power makes a country stable and secure. Established the idea of “separation of powers”. This meant government should be divided or spread out among different branches of government so that no individual or group could gain too much power and threaten liberty.

Rousseau- Wrote- The Social Contract- Swiss philosopher who believed that society had corrupted the natural goodness in people. Argued that only through direct democracy- where people vote in person to make all laws- can people’s freedoms be protected. Government should be a contract between rulers and the people

Voltaire A writer who fought for tolerance, reason, freedom of religious beliefs and freedom of speech. He also supported the notion of separation of church and state

How it Spread Encyclopedia- published many Enlightenment ideas 1.Salons- wealthy women gathered to discuss Enlightenment ideas. Encyclopedia- published many Enlightenment ideas Pamphlets and newspapers helped circulate ideas

Enlightenment and Monarchs The church and French government were angered by Enlightenment ideas and tried to censor their work 2 Enlightenment thinkers tried to change the way governments were run and tried to convince rulers to rule justly. This started revolutions in the Americas and France

American Revolution-Do Not Write Colonies grew from 250,000 to 2,150,000 by the 1700s Peoples had been living there for 150 years “Americans”wanted their own identity , Britain wanted more control Stamp Act- Boston Tea Party 1776- Thomas Jefferson write- Declaration of Independence Constitution- Bill of Rights- first 10 amendments

Major Ideas of the Enlightenment Thinker Impact Natural rights- life, liberty, property Locke Fundamental to U.S Declaration of Independence

Do Not Write We hold these Truths to be self-evident, that all Men are created equal, that they are endowed by their Creator with certain unalienable Rights, that among these are Life, Liberty and the Pursuit of Happiness; that to secure these rights, Governments are institute among Men, deriving their just Powers from the Consent of the Governed

Separation of powers Montesquieu   France, U.S., Latin American nations use separation of power in new constitutions

Freedom of thought and expression Voltaire Guaranteed in U.S. Bill of Rights and French Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen; European monarchs reduce or eliminate censorship

Abolish. of torture Beccaria Guaranteed in US Bill of Rights; torture outlawed or reduced in nations of Europe and the Americas

Do Not Write Bill of Rights protects rights of accused and prohibits cruel and unusual punishments

Religious freedom Voltaire Guaranteed in US Bill of Rights and French Declaration of the Rights of Man and Citizen; European Monarchs reduce persecution  

Rousseau- Direct Democracy Public election of president and congress Do Not Write Rousseau- Direct Democracy Public election of president and congress

Review Who said “ Power should be a check by power”

Need 6 flashcards. Need books written and views on government John Locke Thomas Hobbes Voltaire Montesquieu Rosseau Enlightenment