CHAPTER 9 Canada Section 1: History and Culture World Geography Today 1/25/2018 CHAPTER 9 Canada Section 1: History and Culture Section 2: Canada Today Section 3: Geographic Issues Chapter 09

Europe’s role in Canada’s early history: Section 1 History and Culture Europe’s role in Canada’s early history: France arrived in 1530s goals—to explore, exploit fish and furs, spread Catholic religion founded colony in Quebec Great Britain colonized Nova Scotia in 1713 forced France out by 1763 organized Canada into provinces established self-governing dominion

Key features of Canadian culture: Section 1 History and Culture Key features of Canadian culture: mix of French and British culture, with U.S. influences many immigrants in recent years French-Canadian culture in Quebec British culture in Ontario and further west in north you have Inuit(Eskimos), and Canadian Indians

Foundations of Canada’s economy: Section 2 Canada Today Foundations of Canada’s economy: Mainly manufacturing and services mining a key activity Atlantic Provinces—reliance on forest and sea resources, along with minerals (poorest region) Quebec and Ontario—industry, finance, trade, farming, mining Prairie Provinces—commercial farming (Wheat), mining and oil drilling, tourism British Columbia—forest products, fishing, mining North—mining, Oil, tourism

Factors in the growth of Canada’s cities: Section 2 Canada Today Factors in the growth of Canada’s cities: Toronto, Canada’s largest city —major companies Montreal—cultural capital, good transportation (Subway) Victoria and Vancouver—west-coast centers based on fishing, tourism, trade Prairie cities—Calgary, Edmonton, and Winnipeg—farming, oil production, trade

Canada’s government: Section 2 Canada Today maintains British ties and British monarch democratic government with a prime minister and parliament provincial governments have local power three northern territories with some control over local issues

American influence in Canada: Section 3 Geographic Issues American influence in Canada: Influence based on cultural, historic, and economic connections. Free trade, through NAFTA, has tied the countries together. Canadian and U.S. cities are linked across the border. American media and popular culture pours into Canada.

Effects of geography on Canadian unity: Section 3 Geographic Issues Effects of geography on Canadian unity: Regional loyalties undermine unity. Physical barriers and distance contribute to separation. Differences between French and British culture promote separatism.