Look -- Look

What is HIV? Human Immunodeficiency Virus

What is AIDS? Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome

HIV/AIDS by the #’s 12 million people who have HIV/AIDS are in the 15-24 age group ½ of all new HIV infections are among young people. Every day about 7,000 young people become infected with HIV.

To survive the virus must: - be inside living cells

4 body fluids can carry the virus: 1. Blood 2. Semen 3. Vaginal fluids 4. Breast milk

HIV/AIDS transmitted in a variety of ways: 1. Sexual Contact 2. Blood to Blood 3. Incidental cases

Sexual contact: 1. Sexual intercourse 2. Oral Sex 3. Anal Sex

Blood-to-blood contact: 1. Sharing needles or syringes 2. Tattooing 3. Organ donation 4. Accidental needle sticks in medical settings

Incidental cases: 2. Mother's milk to baby 3. During dental procedures 1. Mother to baby during pregnancy or delivery 2. Mother's milk to baby 3. During dental procedures

HIV/AIDS is NOT spread by: A. Casual contact such as kissing, hugging, or sneezing B. Mosquito bites C. Saliva (Kissing - no reported cases)

Stages & Symptoms: HIV positive asymptomatic stage Middle stage C. HIV symptomatic stage D. AIDS stage

A. HIV Positive Asymptomatic The person has HIV in his/her body for 10 years or more, but feels healthy with NO Symptoms. Invades and takes over helper t-cells. Could have no symptoms for many years Still contagious with the virus

Still contagious with the virus B. Middle Stage Patients experience fever, headache, sore throat, rash, diarrhea, and enlarged lymph nodes. Still contagious with the virus

C. HIV symptomatic Start having symptoms such as: Fever Night Sweats Fatigue Unexplained persistent diarrhea Loss of appetite and weight loss of 10 lbs. or more in 2 months Swollen lymph nodes Persistent unexplained dry cough or shortness of breath Skin rashes Persistent white coating or spots inside the mouth or sore throat (oral thrush)

D. AIDS stage Aids is said to be present when the person develops his/her first opportunistic infection or his/her CD4 level reaches a specific point CD4 Cell Test: Another factor that determines when a person has AIDS is their CD4 cell count. These are the lymphocytes (WBC) HIV destroys. If the CD4 cell count is 200 or less, the person is said to have entered the stage called AIDS.

per milliliter of blood Normal T-Cell Count 800-1200 T-cell Helpers per milliliter of blood

Opportunistic Infections are: Kaposi’s Sarcoma – an unusual cancer causing purplish spots. Pneumocystis Pneumonia (PCP) – causes death in 60% of AIDS victims; caused by a parasite that infects the lungs. 3. Lymphomas – cancers of the lymphocytes 4. AIDS-related dementia (ARD) – damage to the brain and spinal cord causing memory loss, depression and loss of judgment. 5. SLIM disease – severe weight loss

HIV/AIDS Tests EIA Western Blot

Incubation window lasts A. EIA Test A blood test to locate antibodies for HIV If positive, it is repeated again Enzyme immunoassay B. Western Blot Test An antibody test for HIV done to confirm the results of the ELISA test Incubation window lasts 6 weeks to 6 months People tested during this window could test negative even though they have HIV in their blood and body fluids and are contagious.

Mixture of Drugs

2. Avoiding IV drugs and sharing needles Prevention of AIDS NO-Risk Behaviors: 1. Abstinence 2. Avoiding IV drugs and sharing needles 3. Uninfected monogamous partners

1. Use protection: Latex condoms Decreased Risk: 1. Use protection: Latex condoms 2. Limit the # of partners 3. Have your partner tested for HIV 4. Clean/sterilize your needles

Let's get ready for a QUIZ

Being infected with HIV is the same as having the disease AIDS. Question # 1 True or False Being infected with HIV is the same as having the disease AIDS.

People infected with HIV usually die within 6 months. Question # 2 True or False People infected with HIV usually die within 6 months.

After AIDS symptoms develop, most victims die within 2 years. Question # 3 True or False After AIDS symptoms develop, most victims die within 2 years.

The HIV virus can be spread by coughing or sneezing. Question # 4 True or False The HIV virus can be spread by coughing or sneezing.

Question # 5 True of False AIDS is a unique infectious disease because the immune system cannot fight it off.

Name 2 ways AIDS can be transmitted. Question # 6 Short Answer Name 2 ways AIDS can be transmitted.

List one opportunistic infection. Question # 7 Short Answer List one opportunistic infection.

Name one way you cannot spread the disease of AIDS. Question # 8 Short Answer Name one way you cannot spread the disease of AIDS.

H ______________ I ______________ V ______________ Question # 9 Fill in the blank H ______________ I ______________ V ______________

A ________________ I ________________ D ________________ Question # 10 Fill in the blank A ________________ I ________________ D ________________ S ________________