1. What is HIV?
Human
Immunodeficiency
Virus

2. What is AIDS?
Acquired
Immunodeficiency
Syndrome

3. HIV/AIDS by the #’s
12 million people who have HIV/AIDS are in the age group
1/5 all new HIV infections are among young people aged
Every day about 6,000 people become infected with HIV.
17% of all new HIV diagnosis in the United States occur in the South

4. HIV Geographically

5. To survive the virus must:
Be inside living cells
HIV binds to receptors on CD4 cells (Helper T Cells) and uses its DNA to assemble long chains of noninfectious HIV proteins which later become infections HIV.

6. 4 body fluids can carry the virus:
1. Blood
2. Semen
3. Vaginal fluids
4. Breast milk

7. HIV/AIDS transmitted in a variety of ways:
1. Sexual Contact
2. Blood to Blood
3. Incidental cases

8. Sexual contact:
1. Sexual intercourse
2. Oral Sex
3. Anal Sex

9. Blood-to-blood contact:
1. Sharing needles or syringes
2. Tattooing
3. Organ donation
4. Accidental needle sticks in medical settings

10. Incidental cases: 2. Mother's milk to baby 3. During dental procedures
1. Mother to baby during pregnancy
or delivery
2. Mother's milk to baby
3. During dental procedures

11. HIV/AIDS is NOT spread by:
A. Casual contact such as kissing, hugging,
or sneezing
B. Insect bites
Saliva (Kissing - no reported cases)
Air or Water

12. Stages & Symptoms: HIV positive asymptomatic stage Middle stage
C. HIV symptomatic stage
D. AIDS stage

13. A. HIV Positive Asymptomatic
The person can have HIV in his/her body for 10 years or more, but feels healthy with NO Symptoms. Low levels of virus in blood.
Still contagious with the virus
Incubation period for HIV is 6 weeks to 6 months. This is the amount of time it takes for your body to begin making antibodies for HIV.

14. Still contagious with the virus
B. Middle Stage
Patients experience acute infections such as fever, headache, sore throat, rash, diarrhea, and enlarged lymph nodes.
Still contagious with the virus

15. C. HIV symptomatic
Immune system is badly damaged by the virus. Lymph nodes damaged, increased t cell destruction which the body fails to keep up with.
Fever
Night Sweats
Fatigue
Unexplained persistent diarrhea
Loss of appetite and weight loss of 10 lbs. or more in 2 months
Swollen lymph nodes
Persistent unexplained dry cough or shortness of breath
Skin rashes

16. D. AIDS stage
Aids is said to be present when the person develops his/her first opportunistic infection or his/her CD4 level reaches a specific number.
CD4 Cell Test:
Another factor that determines when a person has AIDS is their CD4 cell count. These are the lymphocytes (WBC) HIV destroys. If the CD4 cell count is 200 or less, the person is said to have entered the stage called AIDS.

17. per milliliter of blood
Normal T-Cell Count
T-cell Helpers
per milliliter of blood

18. Opportunistic Infections are:
Kaposi’s Sarcoma – an unusual cancer affecting blood vessels causing purplish spots on skin.
Pneumocystis Pneumonia (PCP) – causes death in 60% of AIDS victims; caused by a fungus that infects the lungs.
3. Lymphomas – cancers of the lymphocytes.
4. AIDS-related dementia (ARD) – damage to the brain and spinal cord causing memory loss, depression and loss of judgment.
5. SLIM disease – severe weight loss (10% of body weight)

19. A. EIA Test B. Western Blot Test
A blood test to locate antibodies for HIV
If positive, it is repeated again.
B. Western Blot Test
An antibody test for HIV done to confirm the results of the ELISA test.

20. 2. Avoiding IV drugs and sharing needles
Prevention of AIDS
NO-Risk Behaviors:
1. Abstinence
2. Avoiding IV drugs and sharing needles
3. Uninfected monogamous partners

21. 1. Use protection: Latex condoms
Decreased Risk:
1. Use protection: Latex condoms
2. Limit the # of partners
3. Have your partner tested for HIV
4. Clean/sterilize your needles

22. Let's get ready for a
QUIZ

23. Being infected with HIV is the same as having the disease AIDS.
Question # 1
True or False
Being infected with HIV is the same as having the disease AIDS.

24. People infected with HIV usually die within 6 months.
Question # 2
True or False
People infected with HIV usually die within 6 months.

25. After AIDS symptoms develop, most victims die within 2 years.
Question # 3
True or False
After AIDS symptoms develop, most victims die within 2 years.

26. The HIV virus can be spread by coughing or sneezing.
Question # 4
True or False
The HIV virus can be spread by coughing or sneezing.

27. Question # 5
True of False
AIDS is a unique infectious disease because the immune system cannot fight it off.

28. Name 2 ways AIDS can be transmitted.
Question # 6
Short Answer
Name 2 ways AIDS can be transmitted.

29. List one opportunistic infection.
Question # 7
Short Answer
List one opportunistic infection.

30. Name one way you cannot spread the disease of AIDS.
Question # 8
Short Answer
Name one way you cannot spread the disease of AIDS.

31. H ______________ I ______________ V ______________ Question # 9
Fill in the blank
H ______________
I ______________
V ______________

32. A ________________ I ________________ D ________________
Question # 10
Fill in the blank
A ________________
I ________________
D ________________
S ________________