P LANNING A S PEECH Tips for prep and planning of your speeches

G ETTING R EADY Key to successful speech preparation is to PREPARE, PREPARE, PREPARE!

G ENERATING T OPIC I DEAS Ways to find interesting topics: Newspapers Magazines Personal interests Fascinating facts Public interest Brainstorming LIMIT your topic, after you select a topic - specific to fit your time limits key points

TOPIC APPROPRIATENESS Remember time & place This is a CLASS, not your soapbox MY ROOM, MY RULES No drugs, drug usage, glorification, legalization of any drug, drug dealers, etc ILLEGAL ACTIVITIES No guns or harmful objects Sexually graphic content Foul or offensive language Attacks on gender, race, sexuality religion, culture Personal attacks on people (teachers, students, etc.) OTHER TOPICS THAT ARE CONTROVERSIAL TO THE AUDIENCE AND MIGHT DISTRACT FROM THE LEARNING OBJECTIVES OF THIS CLASS

K NOWING YOUR P URPOSE General purpose – over intent of your speech Specific purpose – goal of your speech THINK: I want to inform the class about: I want to persuade the class about:

K NOWING YOUR O CCASION Audience (See handout for guidelines) Time Place Room conditions (lighting, size, room shape, temperature) Technology available Any guidelines or restrictions

S UPPORTING YOUR T HESIS Facts & Opinions Examples & Illustrations Anecdotes Statistics Comparisons Definitions Quotations

G ATHERING I NFORMATION Where to look for information Using your experiences & knowledge Collecting information from others Request letters (time frame??) Using the Library or Media Center

O RGANIZING YOUR S PEECH To organize the body of your speech, you will need to: Determine the main points you want to talk about Organize the main points in a consistent pattern the audience can follow Outline the material you will use

T YPES OF O RGANIZATIONAL P ATTERNS Chronological Order Chronological Order – events happen in time (first to last) Spatial Order Spatial Order – the organization of things according to position in space Topical Order- Topical Order- topic is broken into parts, grouped by topic or subject Other orders – Climatic, Cause/Effect, Compare/Contrast

I NTRODUCTIONS & C ONCLUSIONS Intros and conclusions are the most important parts, but the most difficult to write Recommended to write AFTER you compose the body of your speech

I NTRODUCTIONS Introductions serve 3 purposes: attention Gain the attention of the audience goodwill Gain the goodwill of the audience interest Develop the audience’s interest in the topic

I NTRODUCTIONS Need to gain the attention of the audience Should strengthen speaker credibility Provide focus & preview the content of the speech Smooth introductions can ease stage- fright

T YPES OF I NTRODUCTIONS Startling statements Question Personal Story Anecdote Quotation Personal Reference Audiovisual Materials

C ONCLUSIONS Conclusion is the final portion of the speech. They are typically short. The goals of an effective conclusion are: To emphasize the key idea(s) of the speech To intensify the emotions or feelings of the audiences

C ONCLUSIONS Should sum up the content of the speech Should give the audience a feeling of completion & Closure Don’t use phrases like: That’s it I’m Done OR WORSE --- JUST STOP!

T YPES OF C ONCLUSIONS Summary Recommendation Stirring Ending Audiovisual Material

M ETHODS OF D ELIVERY Impromptu Manuscript Memorized Extemporaneous

S TAGEFRIGHT Stagefright is the nervousness that speakers feel before & during their presentation Things to know about stagefright: Stagefright is normal Your audience may not notice you’re nervous Experience & practice help ease tension

K EY P OINTS TO R EMEMBER ABOUT F EAR OF P UBLIC S PEAKING Speaking is NOT inherently stressful. You don’t need to be perfect or brilliant. All you need is 2-4 main points. You need the right purpose for your task. You should consider your audience. PRACTICE is a good thing.

T IPS TO HELP WITH S TAGEFRIGHT BEFORE YOUR SPEECH Prepare your speech Look your best Relax & breathe Give yourself a pep talk Write out your introduction completely Practice several times for yourself or other people Number your notecards (if you use them)

U SING V ISUAL A IDS Powerpoints! Powerpoints! Powerpoints! Posters Handouts Video Clips/DVDs Music