1. Organizing and Outlining Your Presentation
Chapter 12
Organizing and Outlining Your Presentation
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2. Organizing Your Main Idea
Select and narrow topic
Determine your purpose: to entertain, to inform, to inspire, to persuade?
Develop your central idea: The central idea is the central, unifying element of the story, which ties together all of the other elements = described as the dominant impression or the universal, generic truth found in the story.
Generate main ideas: A main idea is important information that tells more about the overall idea of a paragraph or section of a text.
Gather supporting materials: supporting materials for each idea.
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3. Copyright © 2010, 2007, 2004 Pearson Education, Inc
Topical Organization
Informative
Speech
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4. Copyright © 2010, 2007, 2004 Pearson Education, Inc
Challenge Question
Which of the following topics would be best organized according to a topical organizational pattern?
The Apollo Space Program
How to bake banana bread
The path of Hurricane Katrina’s Destruction
Alternative energy options
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5. Copyright © 2010, 2007, 2004 Pearson Education, Inc
Answer
Which of the following topics would be best organized according to a topical organizational pattern?
The Apollo Space Program
How to bake banana bread
The path of Hurricane Katrina’s Destruction
Alternative energy options
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6. Copyright © 2010, 2007, 2004 Pearson Education, Inc
Topical Organization
From least important to most important
From weakest to strongest
Recency
From most important to least important
From strongest to weakest
Primacy
From simple to more complex
Complexity
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7. Copyright © 2010, 2007, 2004 Pearson Education, Inc
Challenge Question
What is the strategy used by a speaker who organizes supporting material so that the most important material is presented last?
Complexity
Primacy
Chronology
Recency
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8. Copyright © 2010, 2007, 2004 Pearson Education, Inc
Answer
What is the strategy used by a speaker who organizes supporting material so that the most important material is presented last?
Complexity
Primacy
Chronology
Recency
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9. Chronological Organization
Organization by time or sequence
The history of women in higher education
Steps to bake a cake
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Spatial Organization
Organization by location, position or direction
Molecular structure
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11. Cause-and-Effect Organization
Cause-effect
Effect-cause
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12. Problem-and-Solution Organization
Identify problem
Explore solutions
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13. Copyright © 2010, 2007, 2004 Pearson Education, Inc
Challenge Question
Alexia is giving a presentation utilizing a problem-solution organizational pattern. What would Alexia’s general purpose be?
To persuade
To inform
To entertain
To coerce
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14. Copyright © 2010, 2007, 2004 Pearson Education, Inc
Answer
Alexia is giving a presentation utilizing a problem-solution organizational pattern. What would Alexia’s general purpose be?
To persuade
To inform
To entertain
To coerce
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15. Organizational Patterns by Culture
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16. Organizing Your Support Material
Organization by sequence
Chronology
Most important material last
Recency
Most convincing or least controversial material first
Primacy
From simple to more complex
Complexity
From specific to general
Specificity
From hypothetical to facts and statistics
“Soft “ to “hard evidence
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17. Organizing your Presentation for The Ears of Others?
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18. Organizing Your Presentation: Signposts
Verbal or Nonverbal signal
Stop!
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19. Copyright © 2010, 2007, 2004 Pearson Education, Inc
Previews
Preview
A statement of what is to come
Initial preview
First statement of the main ideas
Internal preview
A preview within the speech
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20. Verbal and Nonverbal Transitions
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21. Copyright © 2010, 2007, 2004 Pearson Education, Inc
Summaries
Summary
Internal summary
Final summary
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22. Copyright © 2010, 2007, 2004 Pearson Education, Inc
Introductions
Get the audience’s attention
Relate a personal narrative
Ask a rhetorical question
Use a startling fact or statistic
Quote an expert or literary text
Tell a humorous story
Refer to historical or recent event
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23. Copyright © 2010, 2007, 2004 Pearson Education, Inc
Introductions
Introduce the topic
Motivate
Establish your credibility
State your central idea
Preview your main idea
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Conclusions
Summarize your presentation
Reemphasize your central idea
Motivate your audience to respond
Provide closure
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25. Copyright © 2010, 2007, 2004 Pearson Education, Inc
Preparation Outline
First main idea
A. First subdivision I
B. Second subdivision II
1. First subdivision of B
2. First subdivision of B
a. First subdivision of 2
b. Second subdivision of 2
II. Second main idea
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26. Copyright © 2010, 2007, 2004 Pearson Education, Inc
Speaking Notes
Include supporting material
Signposts
Delivery cues
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27. Copyright © 2010, 2007, 2004 Pearson Education, Inc
Sample Speaking Notes
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