SOUTHERN COLONIES American History Mr. Lauta

Maryland Founded in 1634 by George Calvert who integrated Virginia’s experiences with tobacco to expand the industry including the use of slaves and indentured servants In 1649, the Toleration Act was passed that guaranteed religious equality for everyone George Calvert, Lord Baltimore

Mason-Dixon Line Calvert and Penn families disputed boundary Charles Mason and Jeremiah Dixon hired to map division

VIRGINIA Wealthy plantation owners settled areas near the coast Sir William Berkeley placed new settlers further inland –Agreement with Native Americans not to settle farther inland

5 SOUTHERN PLANTATIONS

Nathaniel Bacon opposed Virginia government –Resented Gov. William Berkeley’s agreement with the Native Americans –Limited migration –Some settlers wanted government to protect them in the forbidden areas –Bacon led attacks on Native Americans then turned to the capital

THE CAROLINAS One colony before becoming North Carolina and South Carolina in 1729 Charles II granted two charters to eight nobles –Hoped to make money by selling and renting portions of the land

North and South Carolinas North Carolina –Settled by tobacco farmers from Virginia South Carolina –Inhabited by new settlers who farmed the land Rice Indigo

Slavery Most settlers in South Carolina arrived from other English colonies where slave labor was used Brought slaves to colony –Work in rice fields required a lot of laborers –By 1700, half of new arrivals to colony were slaves

GEORGIA Last of the English colonies Proprietor: General James Oglethorpe Created as a colony for English debtors, prisoners, and the poor of England Formed a buffer area between the English colonies and Spanish territories to the south –England and Spain had been at war against one another for years

1733 – town of Savannah and forts were built Oglethorpe wanted a Protestant colony of hardworking and independent people Rum, slavery,and Catholics were banned from the colony Actually settled by few debtors, many poor, and religious refugees

Oglethorpe Gives In Settlers complained that Oglethorpe was too strict and limited the size of land owned by a person Because of colony’s slow growth, Oglethorpe changed his rules –Allowed slavery –Allowed rum –Increased size of estates Oglethorpe gave up in 1751 and returned the colony to the king

R E V I E W New Amsterdam New Netherland Patroons Peter Stuyvesant Duke of York Charles II New York Proprietary Colony New Jersey Lord John Berkeley Sir George Carteret Pennsylvania William Penn George Fox Quaker Pacifist Philadelphia

R E V I E W Maryland Sir George Calvert Haven Indentured Servants Slaves Mason-Dixon Line Act of Toleration Planting law Virginia Sir William Berkeley Nathaniel Bacon Bacon’s Rebellion Plantations

R E V I E W Carolinas Eliza Lucas Indigo Rice North Carolina South Carolina Georgia James Oglethorpe Debtors Savannah Forts “Buffer Area”