1. 3.3 The Southern Colonies

2. Royal Colonies and Proprietary Colonies A Royal Colony is one that is owned by the king and he picks (appoints) the governor or leadership of the colony. A Royal Colony is one that is owned by the king and he picks (appoints) the governor or leadership of the colony. A Proprietary Colony is one where the king grants a charter to an owner(s) or company that determines that leadership in the colony. A Proprietary Colony is one where the king grants a charter to an owner(s) or company that determines that leadership in the colony. Virginia was a proprietary Colony owned by the Virginia company of London Virginia was a proprietary Colony owned by the Virginia company of London The Carolinas had 8 Proprietors The Carolinas had 8 Proprietors Georgia was led by The Trustees for the Establishment of a Georgia Colony Georgia was led by The Trustees for the Establishment of a Georgia Colony Which was headed by James Oglethorpe. Which was headed by James Oglethorpe.

3. Southern Colonies Virginia – 1607 by The Virginia Company of London Virginia – 1607 by The Virginia Company of London 1 st Settlement Jamestown 1607 1 st Settlement Jamestown 1607 Maryland – 1634 by Lord Baltimore a Catholic Noble Maryland – 1634 by Lord Baltimore a Catholic Noble 1 st Settlement St Mary’s City 1634 1 st Settlement St Mary’s City 1634 The Carolinas (North and South Carolina) 1663 The Carolinas (North and South Carolina) 1663 8 supporters (or Proprietors) of the King Charles II 8 supporters (or Proprietors) of the King Charles II 1 st Official Settlement Charlestown 1670 1 st Official Settlement Charlestown 1670 Georgia – 1732 by James Oglethorpe Georgia – 1732 by James Oglethorpe 1 st Official Settlement Savannah 1733 1 st Official Settlement Savannah 1733

5. Southern Culture Develops The Southern Culture develops in a geographic called the TIDEWATER. The Southern Culture develops in a geographic called the TIDEWATER. Tidewater was flat land along the Atlantic Coast Tidewater was flat land along the Atlantic Coast The soil and climate made it ideal to grow Tobacco, Rice, and Indigo (blue dye mainly used in clothing) The soil and climate made it ideal to grow Tobacco, Rice, and Indigo (blue dye mainly used in clothing) These crops required a large labor force that was mostly made up of African Slaves These crops required a large labor force that was mostly made up of African Slaves This Plantation Economy created a social elite (high class) of very rich people. This Plantation Economy created a social elite (high class) of very rich people. People that could not afford slaves were pushed to the west into the Piedmont and the Appalachian Mountains People that could not afford slaves were pushed to the west into the Piedmont and the Appalachian Mountains This made a small group of very rich and most of the rest mostly poor. This made a small group of very rich and most of the rest mostly poor.

6. The Atlantic Coastal Plain is the Tidewater the Piedmont and indigo

7. Maryland Maryland was intended to be a new kind of society, free from the religious conflicts of Europe. Maryland was intended to be a new kind of society, free from the religious conflicts of Europe. King Charles I supported Lord Baltimore a Catholic. The King supported Baltimore’s plan for a colony. King Charles I supported Lord Baltimore a Catholic. The King supported Baltimore’s plan for a colony. When Maryland started it had an assembly that forbade (made illegal) religious persecution. When Maryland started it had an assembly that forbade (made illegal) religious persecution. It passed The Act of Toleration where all religions had to be accepted. It passed The Act of Toleration where all religions had to be accepted. Its economy was based on tobacco that required slaves or indentured servants. Its economy was based on tobacco that required slaves or indentured servants. St Mary’s City was the 1 st Settlement and the Capital St Mary’s City was the 1 st Settlement and the Capital

9. The Carolinas In 1640s England had a civil war and the Puritans took over and executed Charles I creating a Puritan Republic In 1640s England had a civil war and the Puritans took over and executed Charles I creating a Puritan Republic In 1660 the Monarchy was restored and Charles II becomes King of England In 1660 the Monarchy was restored and Charles II becomes King of England As reward for their support Charles II gave 8 people the land we now call North and South Carolina (Proprietors) As reward for their support Charles II gave 8 people the land we now call North and South Carolina (Proprietors) The Northern part of Carolina had been settled by settlers from Virginia The Northern part of Carolina had been settled by settlers from Virginia The Southern part by English Colonists that had lived in the West Indies (The Caribbean) The Southern part by English Colonists that had lived in the West Indies (The Caribbean) The Proprietors promised religious freedom for all Christians and Jews. The Proprietors promised religious freedom for all Christians and Jews. As a result French Huguenots settled in Charleston to get Religious Freedom As a result French Huguenots settled in Charleston to get Religious Freedom

10. Two of the Proprietors of the Carolinas

11. The Carolinas Continued Rice became the most important Crop in the Carolinas Rice became the most important Crop in the Carolinas It required a large labor force It required a large labor force indentured servants were too expensive or not available indentured servants were too expensive or not available Settlers began bringing in African Slaves to work the rice fields Settlers began bringing in African Slaves to work the rice fields Owners were in constant fear of Slave Revolts Owners were in constant fear of Slave Revolts The Carolinas also had multiple Indian Wars The Carolinas also had multiple Indian Wars in order to enslave the Native Americans in order to enslave the Native Americans take their lands for new settlers take their lands for new settlers In 1691 settlers created a separate Northern government thus creating North Carolina In 1691 settlers created a separate Northern government thus creating North Carolina In 1729 both North and South Carolina were made Royal Colonies In 1729 both North and South Carolina were made Royal Colonies

12. Georgia Georgia was started by the Proprietor James Oglethorpe in 1732 Georgia was started by the Proprietor James Oglethorpe in 1732 It was also founded as a buffer between the English colonies and Spanish Florida and French Louisiana It was also founded as a buffer between the English colonies and Spanish Florida and French Louisiana The colony was meant as a place where debtors and the poor could make a fresh start. The colony was meant as a place where debtors and the poor could make a fresh start. It was also hoped that such settlers would protect the English colonies It was also hoped that such settlers would protect the English colonies The settlers were to act as a militia The settlers were to act as a militia Spanish Florida to the south Spanish Florida to the south French Louisiana to the west. French Louisiana to the west.

13. James Oglethorpe and Georgia Oglethorpe set strict rules. Oglethorpe set strict rules. He opposed large plantations like the Carolinas and slavery because he wanted to help poor settlers establish small farms. He opposed large plantations like the Carolinas and slavery because he wanted to help poor settlers establish small farms. The colonists were unhappy with Oglethorpe’s policies. The colonists were unhappy with Oglethorpe’s policies. So, they legalized slavery So, they legalized slavery Georgia turned into a plantation society like that of South Carolina Georgia turned into a plantation society like that of South Carolina The colonists were unhappy with Oglethorpe’s policies. The colonists were unhappy with Oglethorpe’s policies. So, they legalized slavery and Georgia turned into a plantation society like that of South Carolina So, they legalized slavery and Georgia turned into a plantation society like that of South Carolina Making Georgia a Royal Colony Making Georgia a Royal Colony

14. James Oglethorpe