A Call to Arms

Taking Sides 2 days after Ft. Sumter surrendered Lincoln declared that a rebellion existed in the South More states continued to secede April 17, Virginia left the union May, Arkansas, Tennessee, and North Carolina joined the CSA

Taking Sides The western county of Virginia had little support for slavery They refused to leave the union 1853 admitted into union as West Virginia

Border States Loyalties were divided in border states DE: supports North MO, MD: favors South At first KY was neutral –Union General said to occupy, Lincoln refuses –South invaded and then KY decides to support the North

North Against South Southern Advantages Outnumbered but had great military advantages Nation’s most experienced military officers were Southerners Home territory Northern Advantages 110,000 of 130,000 factories in the US were in the North Twice as much railroad track Population advantage –2/3 nation’s people lived in the Union

Northern Strategy Anaconda Plan –Blockade southern seaports –Cut off supply of goods and block overseas sale of cotton –Gain control of Mississippi River to split the South in two

Southern Strategy Much simpler! Defend land until Northerners got tired of fighting War of Americans fighting Americans

First Battle: Bull Run Union plan was to go to VA and capture capital: Richmond (100 miles from D.C) 30,000 men left D.C. and marched to VA Confederates waited 25 miles away at Manassas Armies fought at Bull Run

Bull Run First Union pushed forward South commanded to hold firm Thomas Jackson stood like a stone wall –“Stonewall” Jackson Battle turned in favor of Confederates Poorly trained Union troops panic and fled back to D.C.