1. The Civil War Begins

2. Start of the War 7 southernmost states seceded – 1861 Only 2 Southern forts were still in Union hands Fort Sumter – SC Confederacy demanded Fort Sumter Lincoln: no reinforcement, no evacuation Solution: Food! Davis: now what? Look weak, or start a war? Davis chose war Attacked Sumter – fort surrendered to Confederacy

3. Significance of Fort Sumter North: Became more united At Lincoln’s request, many men enlisted Undecided states: Virginia seceded Big loss to Union: high population and industry Western counties of VA were anti-slavery; admitted to Union and became West Virginia AR, TN, NC also seceded – now Confederacy has 11 states Border states MD, DE, KY, MO remained in Union

4. Advantages North Advantages More soldiers More factories Higher food production More railroads for transporting goods and soldiers South Advantages Cotton and its profits Excellent generals Strong military tradition Motivated soldiers

5. Strategies North – Offense Anaconda Plan Navy blockade of Southern ports Armies move down Mississippi River to divide Confederacy in two Armies capture Confederate capital – Richmond, VA South – Defense Encouraged to attack if given opportunity

6. Union Generals George McClellan Ulysses S. Grant

7. Bull Run First major battle Union army on way to Richmond met Confederate army at Bull Run Significance:

8. Shiloh Grant was trying to split the Confederacy on Mississippi River Union troops at church called Shiloh Significance:

9. New Technology Ironclads Most significant new technology Rifle and Minié Ball Rifles: Minié: Hand Grenades Land Mines Significance:

10. Anaconda Plan continues…. Part One: Part Two: Part Three….

11. War for the Capitals Capture Richmond Problem: Union Army met Confederate Army South commanded by Seven Days’ Battles =

12. Antietam Lee moving towards Washington, D.C. attacked at Antietam Due to McClellan’s indecision after the battle, Lincoln fires him