2. The War Begins

3. Introduction  Lasting 4 years and resulting in the death of 620,000 Americans, the Civil War is the costliest war in American  Both sides hoped for a quick victory based on their individual strengths  The Civil War official began April 12, 1861 at the Battle of Fort Sumter

4. Union v. Confederate  Union Advantages: More Money Larger Army ○ 2X larger than Confederate More Factories ○ To make guns, supplies More Railroads ○ To transport troops, supplies Abraham Lincoln ○ Becomes expert on war strategy Union: Blue  Confederate Advantages: Robert E. Lee ○ Top General in the war Stronger Motivation Home field Advantage ○ Mostly fought in South World reliance on Cotton ○ Hope to get allies Military Tradition ○ More prepared soldiers Confederate: Red

5. Union v. Confederate  Union Strategy to win the War Anaconda Plan ○ Use navy to keep South from getting supplies Capture the Capital (Richmond, Va) Divide the South into thirds ○ Cut 1: Mississippi River ○ Cut 2: Through Georgia

6. Union v. Confederate  Confederate Strategy to win the War Defend their territory ○ Keep North from conquering Capture the Capital (Washington D.C.) Cotton Diplomacy ○ Use Cotton resources to gain European help Europe!!! Help Us!!!

7. Union v. Confederate  Border States: Slave states that remained in the Union Delaware, Kentucky, Maryland and Missouri (West Virginia later) Population in the Border States were deeply divided, lots of civilian violence Border States: Light Blue

8. The First battle: Fort Sumter  The Confederates began taking over federal mints, armories and forts across the South  The Union forces refused to give up Fort Sumter Controlled entry into Charleston Harbor (Charleston, SC) ○ One of the biggest Southern ports

9. The First battle: Fort Sumter  The South demanded the Union to leave the fort The Union refused The South opened fire on April 12, 1861 (the beginning of the Civil War) The fort surrendered in 34 hours, 1 casualty…

10. The First Battle: Fort Sumter  Significance: Lincoln rallies support for the war by saying the South started it