Susan M. Pojer and adapted by Wendy Anderson The Civil War ( )

The Leaders of the Confederacy Pres. Jefferson Davis VP Alexander Stevens

The Confederate “White House”

The Confederate Seal MOTTO  “With God As Our Vindicator”

Battle of Bull Run (1 st Manassas) July, 1861

Bull Run The Union troops were accompanied by reporters, politicians, and people out for a picinic who wanted to see the battle! “Stonewall” Jackson held the Confederate lines Union forces began to fall back; Confederate back up arrived Chaotic retreat *** showed both sides this would not be an easy victory

Overview of the North’s Civil War Strategy: “Anaconda” Plan Overview of the North’s Civil War Strategy: “Anaconda” Plan

The “Anaconda” Plan

Politics of War Crucial Border States: remained in the Union But were slave states… If they joined the Confederacy; added troops, factories, supplies…. Lincoln was very careful with the slavery issue. Didn’t want them going over to the Confederacy

Politics of War England bought a lot of cotton from the South: found new supply Crop failures in England: started importing Union grain “King Corn” replaced “King Cotton” Tensions were high between the Union and England over supplying goods to the South: war ships 1922 painting: The sinking of the Confederate ship the Alabama

The Thin Line = Slave issue Radical Republicans became a powerful force in Congress after the 1860 election Advocated emancipation of the slaves and recruiting African Americans into the Union Army Thaddeus Stevens- House of Rep Charles Sumner- Senate

“Contraband”

African-American Recruiting Poster

The Famous 54 th Massachusetts

August Saint-Gaudens Memorial to Col. Robert Gould Shaw

The Battle of the Ironclads, March, 1862 The Monitor vs. the Merrimac Merrimac- Confederate Monitor- Union *** Changed the history of warfare forever. Ever wooden ship was obsolete!

Battle of Antietam “Bloodiest Single Day of the War” 23,000 casualties September 17, 1862 Crucial Battle If the south won, may get much needed foreign assistance Lincoln needed a victory to show Union Strength And to issue emancipation proclamation McClellan was able to halt Lee’s advance

The Emancipation Proclamation

Emancipation in 1863

African-Americans in Civil War Battles

1864 Election Pres. Lincoln (R) George McClellan (D)

Presidenti al Election Results: 1864

13 th Amendment President Lincoln and other Republicans were concerned that the Emancipation Proclamation, which in 1863 declared the freedom of slaves in ten Confederate states then in rebellion, would be seen as a temporary war measure, since it was based solely on Lincoln's war powers. The Proclamation did not free any slaves in the border states nor did it abolish slavery.[1] Because of this, Lincoln and other supporters believed that an amendment to the Constitution was needed. It was passed by the Senate on April 8, 1864, by the House on January 31, 1865, and adopted on December 6, 1865 The Thirteenth Amendment to the United States Constitution outlaws slavery and involuntary servitude, except as punishment for a crime.

13th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution The 13th Amendment to the Constitution declared that "Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as a punishment for crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States, or any place subject to their jurisdiction." Formally abolishing slavery in the United States, the 13th Amendment was passed by the Congress on January 31, 1865, and ratified by the states on December 6, 1865.

Black Troops Freeing Slaves

Extensive Legislation Passed Without the South in Congress 1861 – Morrill Tariff Act 1862 – Homestead Act 1862 – Legal Tender Act 1862 – Morrill Land Grant Act 1862 – Emancipation Proclamation (1/1/1863) 1863 – Pacific Railway Act 1863 – National Bank Act 1861 – Morrill Tariff Act 1862 – Homestead Act 1862 – Legal Tender Act 1862 – Morrill Land Grant Act 1862 – Emancipation Proclamation (1/1/1863) 1863 – Pacific Railway Act 1863 – National Bank Act

Siege of Vicksburg (May 19- July 4 th ) Union General Ulysses S. Grant Bombarded the city with 2,800 shells a day; lasted for more than a month Residents built caves in hillsides to avoid being killed by shells. Confederate soldiers daily rations dwindled to 1 biscuit and 1 piece of bacon a day On July 4, 30,000 Confederates laid down their arms

The Road to Gettysburg: 1863

Gettysburg Casualties

Gettysburg Address XUbQ4JjXI

The North Initiates the Draft, 1863

Buy Your Way Out of Military Service

Recruiting Irish Immigrants in NYC

Recruiting Blacks in NYC

NYC Draft Riots, (July 13-16, 1863)

1864 Election Pres. Lincoln (R) George McClellan (D)

Sherman’s “March to the Sea” through Georgia, Goals:1. Destroy the South’s remaining resources, 2. Crush the Southerner’s will to fight

The Final Virginia Campaign:

Surrender at Appomattox April 9, 1865

Casualties on Both Sides

Civil War Casualties in Comparison to Other Wars

Ford’s Theater (April 14, 1865)

The Assassin John Wilkes Booth

The Assassination

WANTED~~!!WANTED~~!!

Now He Belongs to the Ages!

The Execution