1. The Civil War (1861-1865) Through Maps, Charts, Graphs & Pictures

2. The Union & Confederacy in 1861

3. Men Present for Duty in the Civil War

4. Ohio Military Service

5. Soldiers’ Occupations: North/South Combined

6. Buy Your Way Out of Military Service

7. Immigrants as a % of a State’s Population in 1860

8. The Leaders of the Confederacy
Pres. Jefferson Davis
VP Alexander Stevens

9. The Confederate “White House”

10. MOTTO  “With God As Our Vindicator”
The Confederate Seal
MOTTO  “With God As Our Vindicator”

11. A Northern View of Jeff Davis

12. Artillery Technology
Artillery improved with the invention of shells, devices that exploded in the air.
Artillery often fired canisters, special shells filled with bullets.

13. Large Cannon on a military base at a Union port.

14. Fort Sumter Before the War

15. Cannon Shells Burst Above and Inside the Fort

17. Fort Sumter After: New Technologies Make Large Forts Obsolete

18. Overview of the North’s Civil War Strategy:
“Anaconda” Plan vs. War of Attrition

19. The “Anaconda” Plan

20. George McClellan, Again!
Lincoln’s Generals
Winfield Scott
Joseph Hooker
Ulysses S. Grant
Irwin McDowell
George McClellan
George Meade
Ambrose Burnside
George McClellan, Again!

21. McClellan: I Can Do It All!

22. The Confederate Generals Nathan Bedford Forrest
“Stonewall” Jackson
Nathan Bedford Forrest
George Pickett
Jeb Stuart
James Longstreet
Robert E. Lee

23. The Civil War and Technology
The Civil War was one of the first “modern” wars in world history due to its use of many modern technologies
Modern tactics would also be used
The combination of modern technologies with traditional tactics and poor medical care would lead to the bloodiest war in American history

24. New Muskets and Bullets
Outdated muskets were replaced with more accurate rifles.
Due to the great demand for just about anything that would fire, a huge mix of good quality rifled muskets, as well as old muskets of varying age, manufacture, caliber, and quality were imported on both sides

25. New Tactics
After First Bull Run, both armies dug entrenchments all along the front which separated them.
During the Civil War, soldiers equipped with rifled weapons and emplaced behind prepared field fortifications were almost impossible to overcome.
Because of this, shovels became as important as rifles.
New weapons technologies brought about significant changes in the way future wars would be fought.
Confederate fortifications at Centreville, Virginia.

26. Battle of Bull Run (1st Manassas) July, 1861

27. The Civil War and Railroads
The Civil War is one of the first major wars to use trains (they had been used in some European wars)
Used to transport troops and supplies.
Had an effect on the 1st Battle of Manassas: Confederate troops rested, Union troops exhausted from march in the heat.

28. The Monitor vs. the Merrimac
The Battle of the Ironclads, March, 1862
The Monitor vs. the Merrimac

29. The Monitor

30. Damage on the Deck of the Monitor

31. America’s First Air Force?
Professor T. S. Lowe's balloon, the Intrepid, June 1, 1862.
During the Battle of Fair Oaks, Lowe ascended in his balloon, to observe the battle and report to Union forces by telegraph.
This combination of two new technologies applied to warfare is a further example of the Civil War's claim as the first modern war

32. War in the East:

33. Battle of Antietam “Bloodiest Single Day of the War”
September 17, 1862
23,000 casualties

34. Emancipation in 1863

35. The Emancipation Proclamation

36. The Southern View of Emancipation

37. African-American Recruiting Poster

38. The Famous 54th Massachusetts

39. August Saint-Gaudens Memorial to Col. Robert Gould Shaw

40. African-Americans in Civil War Battles

41. Black Troops Freeing Slaves

42. Extensive Legislation Passed Without the South in Congress
1861 – Morrill Tariff Act
1862 – Homestead Act
1862 – Legal Tender Act
1862 – Morrill Land Grant Act
1862 – Emancipation Proclamation (1/1/1863)
1863 – Pacific Railway Act
1863 – National Bank Act

43. The North Initiates the Draft, 1863

44. Recruiting Irish Immigrants in NYC

45. Recruiting Blacks in NYC

46. NYC Draft Riots, (July 13-16, 1863)

47. NYC Draft Riots, (July 13-16, 1863)

48. A “Pogrom” Against Blacks

49. The War in the West, 1863:
Vicksburg

50. World’s First Modern War: Total War
Ulysses S. Grant led Union soldiers to attack Vicksburg
After destroying Jackson, Miss., he turned his forces on Vicksburg
Grant laid a siege on the town, starving the soldiers and the people.
He also used artillery and gunboats to fire upon the cities, killing innocent civilians

51. Vicksburg before Grant Attacked

52. Confederate Camp in Vicksburg

54. USS Cincinnati

55. The Road to Gettysburg: 1863

56. Gettysburg Casualties

57. Inflation in the South

58. The Importance of 1863 On July 4, 1863:
30,000 Confederate troops defending Vicksburg laid down their arms and surrendered.
Former slaves celebrated Independence Day for the first time.
Four days later, the Mississippi River was in the hands of the Union army, effectively cutting the Confederacy in two.
The Confederate army was on the run in the east after being defeated at Gettysburg

59. Siege of Petersburg
Unable to reach Richmond or defeat Lee’s army, Grant moved around the capital and attacked Petersburg.
He knew that if he could cut off shipments of food to Richmond, the city would have to surrender.
The attack on Petersburg failed, and Grant’s army suffered some 65,000 casualties.
Grant then turned to the tactic of siege that he had used in Vicksburg. On June 18, 1864, Grant began the siege of Petersburg.

60. Atlanta, Georgia
This was one of the most heavily fortified positions of the Civil War
General Johnston wanted to wait and defend, but was forced to attack by Pres. Davis
Hood then had too few men to hold the lengthy lines around Atlanta, and he abandoned the city to Sherman on the night of August 31, 1864

61. The Progress of War:

62. Sherman’s “March to the Sea” through Georgia, 1864

63. Sherman Marches to the Sea
General Sherman vowed to “make Georgia howl.” Sherman ordered Atlanta evacuated and burned. He left the city in ruins.
He led some 62,000 soldiers on a march to the sea to capture Savannah.
Along the way he burned and pillaged towns and farms for 300 miles.
On December 21, 1864, the Union army entered Savannah without a fight.
Sherman’s message to Lincoln read: “I beg to present you, as a Christmas gift, the city of Savannah.”

64. Union Soldiers Tearing up Railway

65. Destroyed Rail Yard in Atlanta

66. Atlanta after the War

67. Ruins in Richmond

68. Ruins in South Carolina

69. Civilians Caught in the Mix

70. 1864 Election
Pres. Lincoln (R)
George McClellan (D)

71. The Peace Movement: Copperheads
Clement Vallandigham

72. 1864 Copperhead Campaign Poster

73. Cartoon Lampoons Democratic Copperheads in 1864

74. Presidential Election Results: 1864

75. The Final Virginia Campaign: 1864-1865

76. Surrender at Appomattox April 9, 1865

77. Casualties on Both Sides

78. Field Hospitals

79. Civil War Casualties in Comparison to Other Wars

80. Birth of New Freedom
The Thirteenth Amendment was ratified by the states and became law in December 1865.
“Neither slavery nor involuntary servitude, except as punishment for crime whereof the party shall have been duly convicted, shall exist within the United States, or any place subject to their jurisdiction.”
Lincoln noted in his Second Inaugural Address that slavery had divided the nation, but he also laid the groundwork to “bind up the nation’s wounds.”

81. Ford’s Theater (April 14, 1865)

82. The Assassin
John Wilkes Booth

83. The Assassination

84. WANTED~~!!

85. Now He Belongs to the Ages!

86. The Execution