Step Up To: Psychology by John J. Schulte, Psy.D. From Myers, Psychology 8e Worth Publishers

Chapter 13: Emotion What a rush! Let’s get Physical Show your Feelings How do I feel? What’s so upsetting?

What a rush!

Let’s get Physical

Show your Feelings

How do I feel?

What’s so upsetting?

1. The idea that an emotional-arousing stimulus is simultaneously routed to the cortex and the sympathetic nervous system is central to the: A) James-Lange theory. B) relative deprivation principle. C) two-factor theory. D) Cannon-Bard theory.

2. The fact that facial expressions of emotion tend to intensify the experience of emotion serves to support the: A) catharsis hypothesis. B) Cannon-Bard theory. C) James-Lange theory. D) adaptation-level principle.

3. According to the two-factor theory, the two basic components of emotions are ____ and ____. A) facial expressions; cognitive labels B) cognitive labels; physical arousal C) emotion-arousing events; physical arousal D) physical arousal; overt behavior

4. Our most rapid and automatic emotional responses may result from the routing of sensory input from the thalamus directly to the: A) hippocampus. B) hypothalamus. C) amygdala. D) cerebellum.

5. While completing a final exam, Karen labels her arousal as energizing, whereas Mike labels his arousal as threatening. Their emotional experiences differ with respect to: A) duration. B) intensity. C) adaptation level. D) valence.

6. A hormone that increases heart rate, blood pressure, and blood sugar levels in times of emergency is: A) epinephrine. B) acetylcholine. C) testosterone. D) insulin.

7. Which division of the nervous system calms the body after an emergency passes? A) somatic B) central C) sympathetic D) parasympathetic

8. Research on the accuracy of lie detector tests suggest that they: A) pose no threat to the innocent. B) are accurate only 50% of the time. C) are more likely to declare the innocent guilty than to declare the guilty innocent. D) are more likely to declare the guilty innocent than to declare the innocent guilty.

9. During an emergency, increasing levels of emotional arousal are likely to be accompanied by: A) decreases in blood sugar levels. B) slowing of digestion. C) increases in salivation. D) constriction of pupils to increase visual acuity.

10. Increased activity in the right frontal lobe is to___ as increased activity in the left frontal lobe is to ___. A) anger; fear B) disgust; joy C) love; hate D) elation; depression

11. The universally understandable language of human emotion consists of: A) hand gestures. B) body postures. C) facial expressions. D) tone of voice.

12. Imitating another person’s facial expression of emotion is most likely to facilitate: A) empathy. B) the feel-good, do-good phenomenon. C) the catharsis of aggressive feelings. D) parasympathetic nervous system activity.

13. Laboratory experiments have found that as compared with frowners, students who were induced to smile: A) had increased blood sugar levels. B) were less fearful of an unfamiliar stimulus. C) expressed more empathy for a stranger. D) found cartoons more humorous.

14. In terms of ability to recognize others’ facial expressions of emotion, introverts do ___ than extraverts and women do ___ than men. A) better; better B) worse; better C) better; worse D) worse; worse

15. The fact that people from widely different cultures display and interpret facial expressions of emotion in a similar manner best illustrates the impact of: A) human genetic similarities. B) the adaptation-level phenomenon. C) the catharsis hypothesis. D) the worldwide distribution of American television programming.

16. Ever since Donna was scolded and punished by her teacher for misbehaving, Donna has been fearful of being near the teacher. This illustrates that: A) fear is a biologically maladaptive response. B) young children are biologically predisposed to fear almost anything. C) fear can be learned. D) emotions are most negative when we are only moderately aroused.

17. A psychotherapist suggests that Theresa can effectively reduce the anger she feels toward her ex-boyfriend by tearing pictures of him into little pieces. This suggestion illustrates the therapist’s acceptance of the: A) catharsis hypothesis. B) adaptation-level principle. C) two-factor theory. D) relative deprivation principle.

18. Rabbits fail to react with fear to a signal of impending shock if they have suffered damage to the: A) hippocampus. B) amygdala. C) thalamus. D) hypothalamus.

19. Research on human fear indicates that: A) fear is more often a poisonous emotion than an adaptive one. B) people but not animals may acquire fear through observational learning. C) people seem to be biologically predisposed to learn some fears more quickly than others. D) genetic factors are unimportant in understanding fearfulness.

20. Research suggests that monkeys reared in the wild fear snakes because they: A) are biologically predisposed to fear nearly all primitive forms of life. B) have a particularly strong nervous system reaction to snake bites. C) have encountered snakes near dead monkeys. D) have observed other monkeys’ fearful reactions to snakes.

21. The relative deprivation principle refers to the tendency for our personal happiness to be heavily influenced by: A) genetics. B) others’ attainments. C) previous experiences. D) catharsis.

22. All of the following are ways of improving our own happiness except: A) exercising regularly. B) giving priority to close relationships. C) being financially affluent. D) focusing beyond oneself.

23. It has been suggested that baring the teeth is universally associated with the expression of anger because this ability to convey threats has helped humans to survive. This best illustrates: A) evolutionary perspective. B) relative deprivation principle. C) Cannon-Bard theory. D) two-factor theory.

24. The adaptation-level phenomenon refers to the: A) perception that one is worse off than those with whom one compares oneself. B) tendency for standards of judgment to be heavily influenced by previous experiences. C) ability to change to fit one’s environment. D) tendency for emotional release to reduce levels of physiological arousal.

25. During the last four decades, the spendable income of Americans (adjusting for inflation) has ___ and their self-reported personal happiness has: A) remained almost unchanged; decreased. B) increased; remained almost unchanged. C) remained almost unchanged; increased. D) remained almost unchanged; remained almost unchanged.

Stop here, or continue as a review

1. The idea that an emotional-arousing stimulus is simultaneously routed to the cortex and the sympathetic nervous system is central to the: A) James-Lange theory. B) relative deprivation principle. C) two-factor theory. D) Cannon-Bard theory. 514

2. The fact that facial expressions of emotion tend to intensify the experience of emotion serves to support the: A) catharsis hypothesis. B) Cannon-Bard theory. C) James-Lange theory. D) adaptation-level principle. 514

3. According to the two-factor theory, the two basic components of emotions are ____ and ____. A) facial expressions; cognitive labels B) cognitive labels; physical arousal C) emotion-arousing events; physical arousal D) physical arousal; overt behavior 514

4. Our most rapid and automatic emotional responses may result from the routing of sensory input from the thalamus directly to the: A) hippocampus. B) hypothalamus. C) amygdala. D) cerebellum. 522

5. While completing a final exam, Karen labels her arousal as energizing, whereas Mike labels his arousal as threatening. Their emotional experiences differ with respect to: A) duration. B) intensity. C) adaptation level. D) valence. 533

6. A hormone that increases heart rate, blood pressure, and blood sugar levels in times of emergency is: A) epinephrine. B) acetylcholine. C) testosterone. D) insulin. 516

7. Which division of the nervous system calms the body after an emergency passes? A) somatic B) central C) sympathetic D) parasympathetic 516

8. Research on the accuracy of lie detector tests suggest that they: A) pose no threat to the innocent. B) are accurate only 50% of the time. C) are more likely to declare the innocent guilty than to declare the guilty innocent. D) are more likely to declare the guilty innocent than to declare the innocent guilty. 520

9. During an emergency, increasing levels of emotional arousal are likely to be accompanied by: A) decreases in blood sugar levels. B) slowing of digestion. C) increases in salivation. D) constriction of pupils to increase visual acuity. 516

10. Increased activity in the right frontal lobe is to___ as increased activity in the left frontal lobe is to ___. A) anger; fear B) disgust; joy C) love; hate D) elation; depression 518

11. The universally understandable language of human emotion consists of: A) hand gestures. B) body postures. C) facial expressions. D) tone of voice. 528

12. Imitating another person’s facial expression of emotion is most likely to facilitate: A) empathy. B) the feel-good, do-good phenomenon. C) the catharsis of aggressive feelings. D) parasympathetic nervous system activity. 530

13. Laboratory experiments have found that as compared with frowners, students who were induced to smile: A) had increased blood sugar levels. B) were less fearful of an unfamiliar stimulus. C) expressed more empathy for a stranger. D) found cartoons more humorous. 530

14. In terms of ability to recognize others’ facial expressions of emotion, introverts do ___ than extraverts and women do ___ than men. A) better; better B) worse; better C) better; worse D) worse; worse 525

15. The fact that people from widely different cultures display and interpret facial expressions of emotion in a similar manner best illustrates the impact of: A) human genetic similarities. B) the adaptation-level phenomenon. C) the catharsis hypothesis. D) the worldwide distribution of American television programming. 527

16. Ever since Donna was scolded and punished by her teacher for misbehaving, Donna has been fearful of being near the teacher. This illustrates that: A) fear is a biologically maladaptive response. B) young children are biologically predisposed to fear almost anything. C) fear can be learned. D) emotions are most negative when we are only moderately aroused. 533

17. A psychotherapist suggests that Theresa can effectively reduce the anger she feels toward her ex-boyfriend by tearing pictures of him into little pieces. This suggestion illustrates the therapist’s acceptance of the: A) catharsis hypothesis. B) adaptation-level principle. C) two-factor theory. D) relative deprivation principle. 536

18. Rabbits fail to react with fear to a signal of impending shock if they have suffered damage to the: A) hippocampus. B) amygdala. C) thalamus. D) hypothalamus. 535

19. Research on human fear indicates that: A) fear is more often a poisonous emotion than an adaptive one. B) people but not animals may acquire fear through observational learning. C) people seem to be biologically predisposed to learn some fears more quickly than others. D) genetic factors are unimportant in understanding fearfulness. 535

20. Research suggests that monkeys reared in the wild fear snakes because they: A) are biologically predisposed to fear nearly all primitive forms of life. B) have a particularly strong nervous system reaction to snake bites. C) have encountered snakes near dead monkeys. D) have observed other monkeys’ fearful reactions to snakes. 534

21. The relative deprivation principle refers to the tendency for our personal happiness to be heavily influenced by: A) genetics. B) others’ attainments. C) previous experiences. D) catharsis. 543

22. All of the following are ways of improving our own happiness except: A) exercising regularly. B) giving priority to close relationships. C) being financially affluent. D) focusing beyond oneself. 545

23. It has been suggested that baring the teeth is universally associated with the expression of anger because this ability to convey threats has helped humans to survive. This best illustrates: A) evolutionary perspective. B) relative deprivation principle. C) Cannon-Bard theory. D) two-factor theory. 529

24. The adaptation-level phenomenon refers to the: A) perception that one is worse off than those with whom one compares oneself. B) tendency for standards of judgment to be heavily influenced by previous experiences. C) ability to change to fit one’s environment. D) tendency for emotional release to reduce levels of physiological arousal. 542

25. During the last four decades, the spendable income of Americans (adjusting for inflation) has ___ and their self-reported personal happiness has: A) remained almost unchanged; decreased. B) increased; remained almost unchanged. C) remained almost unchanged; increased. D) remained almost unchanged; remained almost unchanged. 540

Acknowledgements Step Up Created by: –John J. Schulte, Psy.D. Based on Psychology, Eighth Edition by David Myers Published by Worth Publishers, 2006

Answers Chapter 13 1.D 2.C 3.B 4.C 5.D 6.A 7.D 8.C 9.B 10.B 11.C 12.A 13.D 14.A 15.A 16.C 17.A 18.B 19.C 20.D 21.B 22.C 23.A 24.B 25.B